Artículos de revistas https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/117724 2026-04-15T03:29:55Z 2026-04-15T03:29:55Z Ortiz, Daniela Guajardo, Francisco Talamilla Espinoza, Andrea Vera Tamargo, Francisca Pérez Valenzuela, Javiera Mejías, Madelaine Pino Quezada, Lucas Galdames Contreras, Felipe Mandakovic, Dinka Wacyk, Jurij Urra, Félix A. Pulgar Tejo, Rodrigo https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/202202 2024-12-09T18:30:21Z 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Metabolic energetic adaptation of Atlantic salmon phagocytes to changes in carbon sources and exposure to PAMPs Ortiz, Daniela; Guajardo, Francisco; Talamilla Espinoza, Andrea; Vera Tamargo, Francisca; Pérez Valenzuela, Javiera; Mejías, Madelaine; Pino Quezada, Lucas; Galdames Contreras, Felipe; Mandakovic, Dinka; Wacyk, Jurij; Urra, Félix A.; Pulgar Tejo, Rodrigo Phagocytic cells are pivotal for host homeostasis and infection defense, necessitating metabolic adaptations in glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). While mammalian phagocytes shift towards glycolysis and glutaminolysis during polarization, research on fish phagocyte metabolic reprogramming is limited. To address this, the Atlantic salmon phagocytic cell line, SHK-1, serves as a valuable model. Using the Seahorse XFe96 Flux Analyzer, this study compares SHK-1 bioenergetics under glucose-restricted (L-15 medium) and glucose-supplemented (PM) conditions, providing insights into metabolic characteristics and responses to Piscirickettsia salmonis bacterium Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). A standardized protocol for the study of real-time changes in the metabolism study of SHK-1 in PM and L-15 media, determining oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) is shown. Exhibiting metabolic adaptations, SHK-1 cells in the PM medium have higher basal and maximal OCR and spare capacity (SRC), while those grown in the L-15 medium favor OXPHOS, showing minimal glycolytic function. Despite metabolic differences, intracellular ATP levels are comparable, highlighting the metabolic plasticity and adaptability of SHK-1 cells to various carbon sources. Exposure to PAMPs from Piscirickettsia salmonis induces a metabolic shift, increasing glycolysis and OXPHOS, influencing ATP, lactate, glutamine, and glutamate levels. These findings highlight the role of mitochondrial bioenergetics and metabolic plasticity in salmon phagocytes, offering novel nutritional strategies for host-pathogen interventions based on energy metabolism.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z Vio del Río, Fernando Tomás https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/196564 2023-11-29T17:40:21Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Año internacional de frutas y verduras 2021 Vio del Río, Fernando Tomás

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Solis Jimenez, Doina Toro Ibaceta, Magaly Alejandra Navarrete Wallace, Paola Alejandra Faúndez Comte, Patricio Ignacio Reyes Jara, Angélica Sofía https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/196563 2023-11-29T17:37:44Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Microbiological quality and presence of foodborne pathogens in raw and extruded canine diets and canine fecal samples Solis Jimenez, Doina; Toro Ibaceta, Magaly Alejandra; Navarrete Wallace, Paola Alejandra; Faúndez Comte, Patricio Ignacio; Reyes Jara, Angélica Sofía Pet food can be a source of microbiological hazards that might affect companion animals and owners. Even though owners usually rely on conventional pet diets, such as extruded diets, new feeding practices, such as raw meat-based diets (RMBDs), have grown. RMBDs' benefits are still scientifically uncertain, while its risks have been documented. The use of canine RMBDs might increase the exposure to zoonotic pathogens, such as Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter spp., among others. Identifying pathogen prevalence in canine food and pets is required to contribute to public health measures. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare the microbiological quality of RMBDs and extruded diets (2) to identify and compare the prevalence of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, and L. monocytogenes from raw and extruded canine diets and canine fecal samples, and (3) to characterize pet owners according to the diet chosen to be used on their pets, their motivations for using RMBDs, and their knowledge about benefits and risks related to this feeding practice. Conventional and molecular microbiological methods were used to identify pathogen presence from food and fecal samples, while pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed to evaluate the clonal relationship between isolates. Aerobic plate counts for RMBDs were higher than those detected for extruded diets. Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were isolated from 35.7% (15/42) RMBDs, while Salmonella spp., C. jejuni, and L. monocytogenes from 33.3% (11/33) fecal samples from RMBD-fed dogs. From the RMBD samples positive to Salmonella spp., chicken was the main meat ingredient composing the diets. PFGE analysis confirmed a genetic association between Salmonella spp. isolates from fecal and raw food samples from the same household. We did not detect pathogens from extruded food samples or feces from extruded-fed dogs. Using a survey, we identified dog owners' unawareness and/or underestimation of risks related to RMBDs. We demonstrated that canine raw pet food might be a source of zoonotic foodborne pathogens that represent a health risk for both humans and pets. While clinical findings caused by the mentioned pathogens vary among pets, the zoonotic potential implies a significant concern.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Sparling, Thalia M. Deeney, Megan Cheng, Bryan Han, Xuerui Lier, Chiara Lin, Zhuozhi Offner, Claudia Santoso, Marianne V. Pfeiffer, Erin Emerson, Julián A. Amadi, Florence Mariamu Mitu, Khadija Corvalán Aguilar, Camila Luz Verdeli, Helen Araya, Ricardo Kadiyala, Suneetha https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/196480 2023-11-22T13:07:36Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Systematic evidence and gap map of research linking food security and nutrition to mental health Sparling, Thalia M.; Deeney, Megan; Cheng, Bryan; Han, Xuerui; Lier, Chiara; Lin, Zhuozhi; Offner, Claudia; Santoso, Marianne V.; Pfeiffer, Erin; Emerson, Julián A.; Amadi, Florence Mariamu; Mitu, Khadija; Corvalán Aguilar, Camila Luz; Verdeli, Helen; Araya, Ricardo; Kadiyala, Suneetha Connections between food security and nutrition (FSN) and mental health have been analytically investigated, but conclusions are difficult to draw given the breadth of literature. Furthermore, there is little guidance for continued research. We searched three databases for analytical studies linking FSN to mental health. Out of 30,896 records, we characterized and mapped 1945 studies onto an interactive Evidence and GapMap (EGM). In these studies, anthropometry (especially BMI) and diets were most linked to mental health (predominantly depression). There were fewer studies on infant and young child feeding, birth outcomes, and nutrient biomarkers related to anxiety, stress, and mental well-being. Two-thirds of studies hypothesized FSN measures as the exposure influencing mental health outcomes. Most studies were observational, followed by systematic reviews as the next largest category of study. One-third of studies were carried out in low- and middle-income countries. This map visualizes the extent and nature of analytical studies relating FSN to mental health and may be useful in guiding future research.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z