https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/117703 Documentos de trabajo 2026-05-05T18:34:18Z https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/173753 Construcción y empleo: Análisis a corto plazo Eyzaguirre, Cristián Sin lugar a dudas el nivel de desempleo y la lentitud con que este se ha ido reduciendo constituye el problema más grave de la economía en la actualidad. El dilucidar las causas que provocan este fenómeno es de primordial interés ya que ello determinará el tipo de políticas económicas que deben implementarse para resolverlo. 1980-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/173752 Aspectos económicos del uso de suelos urbanos Torres Toro, Clemente; Selume Zaror, Jorge Constantino El presente artículo pretende analizar a través de la aplicación de criterios económicos básicos, algunos de los principales problemas envueltos en la utilización de terrenos urbanos en el área del Gran Santiago 1980-12-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170262 Automation, labor markets, and trade Micco Aguayo, Alejandro Digital technologies, robotics, and artificial intelligence substitute tasks performed by labor are bringing back old fears about the impact of technology on labor markets and international trade. The aim of this paper is to provide evidence about the causal effect of automation on the labor market and sectoral US imports. We use robots per workers, instrumented by robot penetration in Europe, to study employment in almost 800 occupations in 285 industries in the US during 2002-2016. We use Autor et al (2003) and Frey and Osborne (2017) methodologies to define occupations at risk of automation and to study their behavior after robots´ penetration. We find that employment in occupations at risk has been declining at an annual rate of 2.0-2.5%, relative to other occupations. This result is mainly driven by a substitution effect within industries defined at the 4-digit NAICS level. One standard deviation increase in robots per worker reduces employment growth by 1.25-1.45% in occupations at risk compared to the other professions in the same sector. Industries with a higher share of occupation at risk have a lower rate of employment growth during the period 2002-2016. Also, imports of commodities produced by these sectors have been falling, in particular from countries with lower penetration of automation technologies. This result suggests that automation is changing countries´ comparative advantage. 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/169743 Do LPG prices react to the entry of natural gas? implications for competition policy González Tissinetti, Aldo; Lagos, Vicente In developing countries, the penetration of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is still high, and hence the entry of Natural Gas (NG) networks coexists with the use of LPG by an important fraction of households. Thus, a relevant policy question is whether the number and degree of horizontal integration among NG and LPG providers has an influence on the level of retail prices. Using selfreported LPG retail prices of the largest LPG provider in Chile for the period 2013-2014, we estimate that the presence of a competing NG network generates an average decrease of LPG retail prices within the range [-2,-4%] depending on the econometric specification. Thus, since the presence of an additional competing provider (i.e., an NG retailer) has an influence on the level of prices, LPG and NG may be indeed considered as imperfect substitutes. The main policy implication of this result is that the degree of horizontal integration between both types of providers should matter and there would be room for regulatory intervention aimed at proposing remedies in order to mitigate any potential anticompetitive effect 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z