In the inner heliosphere, space measurements have revealed that plasma can be described by the Kappa distributions family, which are characterized by the value of κ, indicating how far plasma is from the ideal Maxwell-Boltzmann ...

When the target is in the solid state, most infrared spectral features are manifestly asymmetric; hence, a line shape function well-grounded in theory is necessary to ascertain the net energy taken by the associated ...

Electron velocity distribution functions (eVDFs) in the solar wind exhibit ener getic tails and magnetic field-aligned skewness, attributed to secondary populations such as the halo and strahl. Temperature anisotropy is ...