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Contaminación de las Aguas Subterráneas por Nitratos Provenientes de la Utilización de Purines de Cerdo en la Agricultura
(Universidad de Chile, 2008)
, pronosticando un
importante impacto en la calidad de las aguas subterráneas. Según estos resultados y la
comparación de las tasas de aplicación registradas en Chile es claro que debemos preocuparnos y
desarrollar medidas de manejo que prevenga la contaminación...
Análisis crítico al sistema registral chileno de los derechos de aprovechamiento de aguas
(Universidad de Chile, 2010)
En el último tiempo y principalmente a raíz de la promulgación de la Ley N° 20.017 de 2005, ha habido modificaciones respecto al sistema establecido en el Código de Aguas de 1981, que a su vez procedía del anterior Código, que lo tomó del sistema...
Fiscalización de instrumentos de gestión ambiental. Relación entre las normas de calidad de componente hídrico y la Superintendencia del Medio Ambiente
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
Hasta antes de la entrada en vigencia de la nueva institucionalidad ambiental, las Normas de Calidad eran una materia poco promovida y escasamente monitoreada. Sin embargo, los nuevos énfasis regulatorios, que la anterior y actual administración han...
Evaluación ambiental de procesos de reciclaje y valorización de residuos orgánicos para la Región Metropolitana: Comparación de tecnologías mediante un análisis de ciclo de vida
(Universidad de Chile, 2023)
residuos valorizada, y midiendo cuatro categorías de impacto: potencial de calentamiento global (PCG), calidad del ecosistema (CE), salud humana (SH) y agotamiento de recursos (AR). Los factores de emisión utilizados se obtuvieron de la base de datos de...
Aportes al monitoreo continuo de olores en plantas de tratamiento de aguas servidas. Un caso de estudio: El Trebal
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
Las Plantas de Tratamiento de Aguas Servidas (PTAS) corresponden a una actividad
absolutamente necesaria en el mundo actual, debido al gran volumen de aguas
servidas que se generan en una ciudad. Si bien es cierto generan diversos beneficios a
la...
El derecho humano al agua en nuestra Constitución
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
. Siendo el pilar para un cambio de paradigma, dejando a tras el rol del agua como bien de mercado, y confiriéndole la calidad que merece como derecho fundamental, lo cual permitiría una trasformación profunda del aparato legal que regula al recurso hídrico...
Aplicación de bases de datos semánticas como herramienta de transferencia de conocimiento en la clasificación de cuerpos de agua de Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2012)
La calidad y el tiempo invertido en el proceso de toma de decisiones depende de la recopilación de antecedentes, información existente y la accesibilidad y entendimiento por parte de los tomadores de decisiones de ésta. Se plantea que estos procesos...
Quality and time invested in the process of decision making depends on the gathering of background information as well as the access and understanding that decision makers have on this. It's been argued that this processes are facilitated by the use of decision-making support systems. In this context, the applicability of an information and knowledge support, the semantic databases (SDB), as a tool for scientific and/or expert knowledge transfer has been evaluated, for the decision making processes in the public sector. In this study, a semantic database of the Chilean water bodies classification was built. The process of building considers the conceptualization regarding the study area or knowledge domain, the explicit statement of concepts and the construction of the ontology. Later, this database was evaluated as a tool for knowledge transfer, for which two assessments were carried out. The first one evaluated the performance of the professionals in the solution of problems related with the knowledge stored in the SDB, in comparison with the performance of traditional support for this same kind of knowledge. The second one evaluated the perception of the applicability of the tool in the public sector with professionals from the Environment Ministry. The assessment made evident that the SDB present similar times of information access than traditional supports, in similar knowledge domains as the evaluated professionals. The number of errors in the evaluated group with the SDB is lower than the group evaluated with traditional supports, which suggests that the use of this tool has a potentiality for information understanding and decision making processes. On the other side, the tool was positively evaluated by the professionals of the ministry, considering it as a useful and adequate tool for the information and knowledge support for their decision making work. Finally, it's concluded that the tool improves the management of the addressed themes in the environmental institutions, diminishing the gaps between the public sector and the scientist and/or expert, through the explicit statement of concepts and the interconnection between them, facilitating the understanding among semantically distant professionals....
Quality and time invested in the process of decision making depends on the gathering of background information as well as the access and understanding that decision makers have on this. It's been argued that this processes are facilitated by the use of decision-making support systems. In this context, the applicability of an information and knowledge support, the semantic databases (SDB), as a tool for scientific and/or expert knowledge transfer has been evaluated, for the decision making processes in the public sector. In this study, a semantic database of the Chilean water bodies classification was built. The process of building considers the conceptualization regarding the study area or knowledge domain, the explicit statement of concepts and the construction of the ontology. Later, this database was evaluated as a tool for knowledge transfer, for which two assessments were carried out. The first one evaluated the performance of the professionals in the solution of problems related with the knowledge stored in the SDB, in comparison with the performance of traditional support for this same kind of knowledge. The second one evaluated the perception of the applicability of the tool in the public sector with professionals from the Environment Ministry. The assessment made evident that the SDB present similar times of information access than traditional supports, in similar knowledge domains as the evaluated professionals. The number of errors in the evaluated group with the SDB is lower than the group evaluated with traditional supports, which suggests that the use of this tool has a potentiality for information understanding and decision making processes. On the other side, the tool was positively evaluated by the professionals of the ministry, considering it as a useful and adequate tool for the information and knowledge support for their decision making work. Finally, it's concluded that the tool improves the management of the addressed themes in the environmental institutions, diminishing the gaps between the public sector and the scientist and/or expert, through the explicit statement of concepts and the interconnection between them, facilitating the understanding among semantically distant professionals....
Patente por no utilización de derechos de aprovechamiento de aguas y protección del medio ambiente
(Universidad de Chile, 2017)
El presente trabajo tiene por finalidad determinar si la patente por la no utilización de las aguas, incorporada al Código de Aguas mediante la Ley N° 20.017, de 11 de mayo de 2005, es o no un mecanismo o herramienta con un componente y finalidad...
AES Water
(Universidad de Chile, 2016-12)
Propuesta y evaluación de estrategias de minimización del uso de agua en la producción de jugos sin aditivos
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
El agua es un recurso natural fundamental para la vida y la salud de las personas, y a lo largo del tiempo se ha vuelto un elemento indispensable en la producción industrial y generación de energía. Se espera que la demanda de agua dulce aumente en...