barra e identificación por radio frecuencia (RFID), presentan limitaciones significativas, como la falta de transparencia, la vulnerabilidad a manipulaciones y errores humanos. En este contexto, la tecnología blockchain ha emergido como una solución...
Food traceability has become an increasingly important issue due to the need to guarantee the safety and authenticity of food products. Traditional traceability systems, such as barcodes and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), present significant limitations, including a lack of transparency, susceptibility to manipulation, and human errors. In this context, blockchain technology has emerged as an innovative solution, as it enables the creation of an immutable and decentralized digital ledger that enhances traceability, prevents fraud, and promotes sustainability throughout supply chains. This research aims to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of blockchain in food traceability, fraud prevention, and supply chain sustainability. The methodology employed was structured into three parts: a bibliometric analysis, a systematic literature review, and the development of a technical manual. The bibliometric analysis explored the evolution of research on food traceability in the Web of Science database from 2001 to 2023, revealing a significant increase in scientific production in recent years, particularly regarding the use of emerging technologies such as blockchain. This analysis identified key trends, highlighting the growing intersection of blockchain with other emerging technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), that are transforming supply chain management. The systematic review, following the PRISMA methodology, allowed for the evaluation of blockchain’s effectiveness in improving traceability, preventing fraud, and promoting sustainability through the review of scientific publications. The results indicated that blockchain is highly effective in creating a transparent and secure system for tracking food, improving operational efficiency, and reducing the risk of fraud and manipulation across the supply chain. Additionally, it was found that blockchain significantly contributes to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in improving supply chain efficiency, reducing food waste, and decreasing the carbon footprint. In the third part of the research, a technical manual was developed, focusing on smallholder farmers in developing countries. This manual provides the fundamentals of the technology and a step-by-step guide on how to implement blockchain in their operations, addressing both the benefits and challenges associated with it. Among the identified benefits are the improvement of product traceability, data security due to the immutable nature of blockchain, and access to new international markets. However, several challenges were also identified, such as the lack of adequate technological infrastructure, the need for farmer training, and the absence of clear regulations or standards regarding blockchain technology in the food industry. The manual also includes case studies and practical examples of how blockchain can be implemented in agriculture to improve competitiveness and facilitate access to global markets. The results obtained show that blockchain not only improves traceability but also optimizes supply chain management and fosters transparency, benefiting both producers and consumers. However, there are still barriers hindering its adoption, such as the lack of standardization and a global regulatory framework. This study opens opportunities for future research that addresses the integration of blockchain with other emerging technologies, the evaluation of its long-term economic impact, and the exploration of its influence on consumer behavior. In summary, while blockchain has great potential to transform the food industry, its successful implementation will depend on overcoming technological, economic, and regulatory challenges....

desarrollo de diversas aplicaciones distribuidas en un segmento importante de sectores industriales que actualmente operan por medio de arquitecturas de red centralizadas. En función de esto último, la tecnología blockchain representa un cambio de paradigma...

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto realizar una aproximación jurídica a las nuevas tecnologías del Blockchain y las Criptomonedas en relación con el Derecho de la Libre Competencia. En específico, se busca exponer los desafíos regulatorios que...

Las redes blockchain son una tecnolog´ıa que puede tener un amplio campo de aplicaci´on, sin embargo, enfrentan desaf´ıos de escalabilidad: la latencia de propagaci´on de la informaci´on a trav´es de las redes blockchain entorpecen su funcionamiento...

de Naciones Unidas contra las Drogas y el Delito, todavía persiste el problema de una regulación uniforme. Por lo tanto, la propuesta de esta tesis como forma de concretizar la evidencia física de las criptomonedas, sería por medio de las blockchain...

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Este trabajo de memoria es sobre el tema de La Tokenización de activos de bienes raíces a través del uso de la tecnología de Blockchain. Esto es la creación de activos digitales, token, que representen la posesión de un activo físico real como son...