| Abstract | dc.description.abstract | Volcanic activity results in a wide range of soil types with very unusual characteristics, the most remarkable of which are
volcanic ash clays containing the clay minerals allophane and imogolite. In addition to these soils, volcanic activity often produces the
special environmental conditions that result in the formation of diatomaceous soils, namely, water rich in dissolved silica. These soils
consist of individual particles containing intraparticle voids filled with water, resulting in a very unique porous particle morphology that
is quite different than stereotypical sedimentary soils. This paper presents a series of careful laboratory tests on samples of both materials
found in Chile. These tests demonstrate that soils weathered from volcanic ash develop yield pressures that are similar to the preconsolidation
pressure of sedimentary soils. This type of soil also shows a dramatic change in properties due to drying. In addition, diatomaceous
soils and those containing allophane have very low densities, in spite of which they develop remarkably high shear strength. The need for
their properties to be properly understood and taken into account in geotechnical design, especially seismic design, is emphasized, since
the location of these soils generally coincides with earthquake activity, which, like volcanic activity, arises from tectonic plate interaction. | en_US |
