The VIRUS-P Exploration of Nearby Galaxies (VENGA): spatially resolved gas-phase metallicity distributions in barred and unbarred spirals

Abstract

We present a study of the excitation conditions and metallicity of ionized gas (Z(gas)) in eight nearby barred and unbarred spiral galaxies from the VIRUS-P Exploration of Nearby Galaxies (VENGA) survey, which provides high spatial sampling and resolution (median similar to 387 pc), large coverage from the bulge to outer disc, broad wavelength range (3600-6800 angstrom), and medium spectral resolution (similar to 120 km s(-1) at 5000 angstrom). Our results are: (1) We present high resolution gas excitation maps to differentiate between regions with excitation typical of Seyfert, LINER, or recent star formation. We find LINER-type excitation at large distances (3-10 kpc) from the centre, and associate this excitation with diffuse ionized gas (DIG). (2) After excluding spaxels dominated by Seyfert, LINER, or DIG, we produce maps with the best spatial resolution and sampling to date of the ionization parameter q, star formation rate, and Z(gas) using common strong line diagnostics. We find that isolated barred and unbarred spirals exhibit similarly shallow Z(gas) profiles from the inner kpc out to large radii (7-10 kpc or 0.5-1.0 R-25). This implies that if profiles had steeper gradients at earlier epochs, then the presentday bar is not the primary driver flattening gradients over time. This result contradicts earlier claims, but agrees with recent IFU studies. (3) The Z(gas) gradients in our z similar to 0 massive spirals are markedly shallower, by similar to 0.2 dex kpc(-1), than published gradients for lensed lower mass galaxies at z similar to 1.5-2.0. Cosmologically motivated hydrodynamical simulations best match this inferred evolution, but the match is sensitive to adopted stellar feedback prescriptions.