Professor Advisor | dc.contributor.advisor | Duchens Arancibia, Mario | |
Author | dc.contributor.author | Salazar Linfati, Javier Nicolás | |
Associate professor | dc.contributor.other | Morales Silva, María Sol | |
Associate professor | dc.contributor.other | Alvear Suitt, Carlos | |
Admission date | dc.date.accessioned | 2019-08-12T18:53:14Z | |
Available date | dc.date.available | 2019-08-12T18:53:14Z | |
Publication date | dc.date.issued | 2018 | |
Identifier | dc.identifier.uri | https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170577 | |
General note | dc.description | Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Médico Veterinario | |
Abstract | dc.description.abstract | La fertilidad es un factor de gran relevancia económica dentro un sistema de producción de leche y depende de una gran cantidad de variables. Durante las últimas décadas de aumento en la producción de leche se ha observado una aparente disminución del rendimiento reproductivo de los rebaños lecheros. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar la fertilidad de 31 rebaños lecheros de la zona centro-sur de Chile mediante indicadores objetivos e identificar los factores vinculados al manejo de los animales que tienen un efecto significativo sobre ellos. El rendimiento reproductivo fue medido usando promedios anuales de Tasas de Inseminación (TI), de Concepción (TC) y de Preñez (TP). Se evaluaron 17 factores vinculados al manejo de los animales, infraestructura predial y producción de leche, con un posible efecto sobre el rendimiento reproductivo de los predios. Estas variables fueron evaluadas mediante un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple, considerando información recopilada de aproximadamente 28.000 lactancias. Los 31 predios registraron TI, TC y TP promedios de 48,5, 37,7, y 17,7%, respectivamente. Las variables asociadas de forma significativa con la Tasa de Inseminación fueron la producción de leche a los 305 días, salud mamaria, número de vacas en ordeña, precisión en la detección de celo, días entre la inseminación y diagnóstico de preñez y el espacio lineal de comedero en corral de preparto. Las variables asociadas de forma significativa a la Tasa de Concepción fueron los días entre la inseminación y el diagnóstico de preñez, el número de cambios de corral entre el secado y los 60 días postparto y la intensidad en el uso de protocolos de resincronización de celo. Por último, las variables asociadas de forma significativa con la Tasa de Preñez fueron la salud mamaria, los días entre la inseminación al diagnóstico de preñez y precisión en la detección de celo. En general, las lecherías de mayor producción mostraron mejor fertilidad. Lograr altos niveles de producción y de fertilidad simultáneamente se asocia a la adopción de buenas prácticas de manejo reproductivo, tales como el diagnóstico precoz de la gestación, aumentar el número de inseminaciones sobre la población de vacas elegibles y también otras prácticas de manejo, como el manejo de la salud mamaria y brindar adecuado espacio en los comederos. | es_ES |
Abstract | dc.description.abstract | Fertility is a factor of the main economic importance within a milk production system and depends on a large number of variables. During the last decades of increase in milk production, an apparent decrease in the reproductive performance of dairy herds has been observed. The objective of this study was to determine the fertility of 31 dairy herds of the Central-South zone of Chile through objective indicators, and to identify factors related to animal management that have a significant effect on them. The reproductive performance was measured using annual averages of Insemination Rate (IT), Conception Rate (CT) and Pregnancy Rate (PR). Seventeen factors related to animal management, farm infrastructure and milk production were evaluated, which could have an effect on farms´ reproductive performance. These variables were evaluated using a multiple linear regression model, considering information collected from approximately 28,000 lactations. The 31 dairies registered average IR, CR and TR of 48.5, 37.7, and 17.7% respectively. Variables significantly associated with Insemination Rate were: milk production at 305 days, mammary health score, number of milking cows, precision in estrus detection, days between insemination and pregnancy diagnosis, and feeding space in the close-up pen. Variables significantly associated with Conception Rate were: days between insemination and pregnancy diagnosis, number of pen changes between drying off and 60 days postpartum and the intensity in the use of protocols for estrus resynchronization. Finally, the variables significantly associated with pregnancy rate were: udder health, days between insemination and pregnancy diagnosis, and accuracy in estrus detection. In general, dairies with higher milk production showed better fertility. Achieving high levels of production and fertility simultaneously is associated with the adoption of good reproductive management practices, such as the early diagnosis of gestation, increasing the number of inseminations of eligible cows, and also other management practices, such as the management of udder health and providing adequate feeding space. | |
Lenguage | dc.language.iso | es | es_ES |
Publisher | dc.publisher | Universidad de Chile | es_ES |
Type of license | dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Chile | * |
Link to License | dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/ | * |
Keywords | dc.subject | Ganado vacuno lechero -- Reproducción | es_ES |
Keywords | dc.subject | Ganado vacuno lechero -- Fertilidad | es_ES |
Título | dc.title | Indicadores de fertilidad y su relación con factores productivos y de manejo en lecherías de la zona centro sur de Chile | es_ES |
Document type | dc.type | Tesis | |
dcterms.abstract | dcterms.abstract | Fertility is a factor of the main economic importance within a milk production system and depends on a large number of variables. During the last decades of increase in milk production, an apparent decrease in the reproductive performance of dairy herds has been observed. The objective of this study was to determine the fertility of 31 dairy herds of the Central-South zone of Chile through objective indicators, and to identify factors related to animal management that have a significant effect on them. The reproductive performance was measured using annual averages of Insemination Rate (IT), Conception Rate (CT) and Pregnancy Rate (PR). Seventeen factors related to animal management, farm infrastructure and milk production were evaluated, which could have an effect on farms´ reproductive performance. These variables were evaluated using a multiple linear regression model, considering information collected from approximately 28,000 lactations. The 31 dairies registered average IR, CR and TR of 48.5, 37.7, and 17.7% respectively. Variables significantly associated with Insemination Rate were: milk production at 305 days, mammary health score, number of milking cows, precision in estrus detection, days between insemination and pregnancy diagnosis, and feeding space in the close-up pen. Variables significantly associated with Conception Rate were: days between insemination and pregnancy diagnosis, number of pen changes between drying off and 60 days postpartum and the intensity in the use of protocols for estrus resynchronization. Finally, the variables significantly associated with pregnancy rate were: udder health, days between insemination and pregnancy diagnosis, and accuracy in estrus detection. In general, dairies with higher milk production showed better fertility. Achieving high levels of production and fertility simultaneously is associated with the adoption of good reproductive management practices, such as the early diagnosis of gestation, increasing the number of inseminations of eligible cows, and also other management practices, such as the management of udder health and providing adequate feeding space. | |
Cataloguer | uchile.catalogador | fuu | es_ES |
Department | uchile.departamento | Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal | es_ES |
Faculty | uchile.facultad | Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias | es_ES |