Elemental and Mineralogical Composition of the Western Andean Snow (18°S–41°S)
Author
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Alfonso, Juan A.
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Cordero, Raul R.
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Rowe, Penny M.
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Neshyba, Steven
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Casassa, Gino
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Carrasco, Jorge
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MacDonell, Shelley
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Lambert, Fabrice
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Pizarro, Jaime
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Fernandoy, Francisco
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Feron, Sarah
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Damiani, Alessandro
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Llanillo, Pedro
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Sepulveda, Edgardo
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Jorquera, Jose
Author
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Garci
Admission date
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2019-10-30T15:40:24Z
Available date
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2019-10-30T15:40:24Z
Publication date
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2019
Cita de ítem
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Scientific Reports, Volumen 9, Issue 1, 2019,
Identifier
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20452322
Identifier
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10.1038/s41598-019-44516-5
Identifier
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https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/172619
Abstract
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The snowpack is an important source of water for many Andean communities. Because of its importance, elemental and mineralogical composition analysis of the Andean snow is a worthwhile effort. In this study, we conducted a chemical composition analysis (major and trace elements, mineralogy, and chemical enrichment) of surface snow sampled at 21 sites across a transect of about 2,500 km in the Chilean Andes (18–41°S). Our results enabled us to identify five depositional environments: (i) sites 1–3 (in the Atacama Desert, 18–26°S) with relatively high concentrations of metals, high abundance of quartz and low presence of arsenates, (ii) sites 4–8 (in northern Chile, 29–32°S) with relatively high abundance of quartz and low presence of metals and arsenates, (iii) sites 9–12 (in central Chile, 33–35°S) with anthropogenic enrichment of metals, relatively high values of quartz and low abundance of arsenates, (iv) sites 13–14 (also in central Chile, 35–37°S) with relatively high values of quartz and low presence of metals and arsenates, and v) sites 15–21 (in southern Chile, 37–41°S) with relatively high abundance of arsenates and low presence of metals and quartz. We found significant anthropogenic enrichment at sites close to Santiago (a major city of 6 million inhabitants) and in the Atacama Desert (that hosts several major copper mines).