Large slip, long duration, and moderate shaking of the Nicaragua 1992 tsunami earthquake caused by low near-trench rock rigidity
Author
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Sallarès, Valentí
Author
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Prada, Manel
Author
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Riquelme Muñiz, Sebastián
Author
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Meléndez, Adrià
Author
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Calahorrano, Alcinoe
Author
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Grevemeyer, Ingo
Author
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Ranero, César R.
Admission date
dc.date.accessioned
2022-01-07T14:27:32Z
Available date
dc.date.available
2022-01-07T14:27:32Z
Publication date
dc.date.issued
2021
Cita de ítem
dc.identifier.citation
Sci. Adv. 2021; 7 : eabg8659
es_ES
Identifier
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10.1126/sciadv.abg8659
Identifier
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https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/183471
Abstract
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Large earthquake ruptures propagating up to areas close to subduction trenches are infrequent, but when they occur, they heavily displace the ocean seafloor originating destructive tsunamis. The current paradigm is that the large seafloor deformation is caused by local factors reducing friction and increasing megathrust fault slip, or prompting the activation of ancillary faults or energy sources. As alternative to site-specific models, it has been proposed that large shallow slip could result from depth-dependent rock rigidity variations. To confront both hypotheses, here, we map elastic rock properties across the rupture zone of the M(S)7.0-M(W)7.7 1992 Nicaragua tsunami earthquake to estimate a property-compatible finite fault solution. The obtained self-consistent model accounts for trenchward increasing slip, constrains stress drop, and explains key tsunami earthquake characteristics such as long duration, high-frequency depletion, and magnitude discrepancy. The confirmation that these characteristics are all intrinsic attributes of shallow rupture opens new possibilities to improve tsunami hazard assessment.
es_ES
Patrocinador
dc.description.sponsorship
Spanish Plan of Research and Innovation CTM2015-71766-R
Spanish Research Agency [Agencia Espanola de Investigacion (AEI)] CEX2019-000928-S
Beatriu de Pinos program of AGAUR-Generalitat de Catalunya 2017BP00170
Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT)
CONICYT FONDECYT 1211105
es_ES
Lenguage
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en
es_ES
Publisher
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American Association Advancement Science
es_ES
Type of license
dc.rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United States