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Authordc.contributor.authorBotelhoc, Joao 
Authordc.contributor.authorSmith Paredes, Daniel 
Authordc.contributor.authorSoto Acuña, Sergio 
Authordc.contributor.authorO'Connor, Jingmai 
Authordc.contributor.authorPalma Alvarado, Verónica 
Authordc.contributor.authorVargas Milne, Alexander 
Admission datedc.date.accessioned2016-07-01T17:06:25Z
Available datedc.date.available2016-07-01T17:06:25Z
Publication datedc.date.issued2016
Cita de ítemdc.identifier.citationEvolution Volumen: 70 Número: 3 Páginas: 543-554 (2016)en_US
Identifierdc.identifier.othereISSN: 1558-5646
Identifierdc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/139363
General notedc.descriptionArtículo de publicación ISIen_US
General notedc.descriptionSin acceso a texto completo
Abstractdc.description.abstractBirds have a distally reduced, splinter-like fibula that is shorter than the tibia. In embryonic development, both skeletal elements start out with similar lengths. We examined molecular markers of cartilage differentiation in chicken embryos. We found that the distal end of the fibula expresses Indian hedgehog (IHH), undergoing terminal cartilage differentiation, and almost no Parathyroid-related protein (PTHrP), which is required to develop a proliferative growth plate (epiphysis). Reduction of the distal fibula may be influenced earlier by its close contact with the nearby fibulare, which strongly expresses PTHrP. The epiphysis-like fibulare however then separates from the fibula, which fails to maintain a distal growth plate, and fibular reduction ensues. Experimental downregulation of IHH signaling at a postmorphogenetic stage led to a tibia and fibula of equal length: The fibula is longer than in controls and fused to the fibulare, whereas the tibia is shorter and bent. We propose that the presence of a distal fibular epiphysis may constrain greater growth in the tibia. Accordingly, many Mesozoic birds show a fibula that has lost its distal epiphysis, but remains almost as long as the tibia, suggesting that loss of the fibulare preceded and allowed subsequent evolution of great fibulo-tibial disparity.en_US
Patrocinadordc.description.sponsorshipFONDECYT, Government of Chile 1150906en_US
Lenguagedc.language.isoenen_US
Publisherdc.publisherWILEY-BLACKWELLen_US
Keywordsdc.subjectBird-dinosaur transitionen_US
Keywordsdc.subjectFibulaen_US
Keywordsdc.subjectIHHen_US
Keywordsdc.subjectMesozoic birdsen_US
Keywordsdc.subjectPTHrPen_US
Keywordsdc.subjectZeugopoden_US
Títulodc.titleMolecular development of fibular reduction in birds and its evolution from dinosaursen_US
Document typedc.typeArtículo de revista


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