NGTS-10b: the shortest period hot Jupiter yet discovered

Abstract

We report the discovery of a new ultrashort period (USP) transiting hot Jupiter from the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). NGTS-10b has a mass and radius of 2.162(-0.107)(+0.092) M-J and 1.205(-0.083)(+0.117) R-J and orbits its host star with a period of 0.7668944 +/- 0.0000003 d, making it the shortest period hot Jupiter yet discovered. The host is a 10.4 +/- 2.5 Gyr old K5V star (T-eff = 4400 +/- 100 K) of Solar metallicity ([Fe/H] = -0.02 +/- 0.12 dex) showing moderate signs of stellar activity. NGTS-10b joins a short list of USP Jupiters that are prime candidates for the study of star-planet tidal interactions. NGTS-10b orbits its host at just 1.46 +/- 0.18 Roche radii, and we calculate a median remaining inspiral time of 38 Myr and a potentially measurable orbital period decay of 7 s over the coming decade, assuming a stellar tidal quality factor Q(s)'= 2 x 10(7).