Prefactibilidad técnica - económica de la depuración y utilización del biogás generado en biodegestores anaeróbicos de purines de cerdo

Abstract

El proyecto evalúa la situación actual de ocho biodigestores anaeróbicos pefenecientes a Agrícola Super Ltda. El informe analiza principalmente la producción de biogás en biodigestores anaeróbicos; evalúa la posibilidad de cubrir actuales requerimientos energéticos (calóricos y eléctricos); se realizó una revisión bibliográfica; la que evalúa altemativas de limpieza y depuración del biogás; entrega la composición química del biogás generado y analiza mediante evaluaciones económicas las posibilidades técnico-económicas reales de utilización de éste. El presente informe conforma el escrito final derivado del p¡oyecto, siendo su principal objetivo informar las alterativas definitivas con posibilidades reales de implementación.

The present study was requested by Agicola Super Ltda. to Poch Ambiental S.A. being lts main objective to propose reasonable utilization options to the biogas produced at the eight anaerobic digesters property ofthe company. A complete rcview ofthe project digesters location and it main operating parameters was done. A bibliographic review on biogas production, cleaning and upgrading the gas, and the main issues conceming its utilization on CHP (combined heat & power) and heating systems involved in swine production was realized. The biogas was chemically analyzed under gas chromatography and it was determined as usable containing a methane %u between 55 70 Vo fot the eight anaerobic digesters. The energetic requirements (consumed electrici§ and propane) on the project zone were determined in order to visualize rvhich fraction of the requirements could be covered with the use ofthe biogas. It is statcd that 20olo of the installed electric porver on the project location could be covered in case of utilizing all the biogas produced for this purpose; on the other hand 100% of the heating rcquirements for the evaluated bams of the company could be covered Scvcral options l,ere analyzed lor biogas utilization, remarking CIIP and heating systems based on hot water biogas boilcrs. Both technologics can work rvith raw biogas. The selected utilization equipment and everything else needed to implement the project was quoted as a budgetary price. With this information economic evaluations were made up obtaining positive economic indicators revealiog that the proposed project is feasible in technical and economical terms. The project contributes to sustainable development by using biogas, a renewable energy, which displaces the actual utilization of fossil fue1s used to generate electricity and heat.