Determinantes de las actitudes de las y los apoderados sobre el Sistema de Admisión Escolar en Chile: ¿cómo influye el consumo de información en un sistema educacional desigual?

Abstract

The School Admission System (SAE) was recently implemented in Chile to mitigate the market logic that affects how school admission works. The SAE was implemented in a market education system where social and information inequalities play a key role in school selection. This study analyzes the relationship between the sociodemographic characteristics of parents and guardians and their consumption of information with the attitudes they adopt toward the SAE. Using data from a survey administered to parents and guardians, a latent class analysis and a multinomial logistic regression model were done. Three types of attitudes toward the SAE were identified: positive, neutral, and negative. Place of residence and socioeconomic group act as sociodemographic factors that determine attitudes toward the SAE. At the same time, the quantity and objectivity of the information consumed are also explanatory factors for the type of attitudes that parents and guardians adopt about the SAE. This study contributes to the international discussion on school selection with a case study in which the SAE seeks to reverse market logic in education in a controversial and unequal context.