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Análisis exergético de sistemas de almacenamiento de energía eléctrica a gran escala mediante bombas de calor de alta temperatura, utilizando CO2 como fluido de trabajo
(Universidad de Chile, 2018)
energía mediante bombeo de calor (Pumped Heat Energy Storage o PHES) utilizando CO2 como fluido de trabajo, lo que permite alcanzar altas eficiencias con bajo riesgo asociado al ciclo y un menor potencial de contaminación ambiental en comparación a otros...
Evaluación técnica y económica de aplicar medidas de reacondicionamiento en viviendas existentes
(Universidad de Chile, 2018)
más frecuentes medidas
de eficiencia energética y medición de impacto, que derivan en el desarrollo sostenible a
lo largo del tiempo, y que son objetivos de las políticas públicas del país.
Objetivos generales
Dentro de este trabajo se...
presente trabajo de título. Una vez realizada la caracterización, se toma una vivienda tipo y se le aplican simulaciones con diferentes escenarios y medidas de eficiencia energética, que radican en aislación de la envolvente térmica, además de cambio...
presente trabajo de título. Una vez realizada la caracterización, se toma una vivienda tipo y se le aplican simulaciones con diferentes escenarios y medidas de eficiencia energética, que radican en aislación de la envolvente térmica, además de cambio...
Eficiencia biológica en vacas primíparas Holstein Neozelandés y f1 (Montbeliarde*Holstein Neozelandés) a pastoreo
(Universidad de Chile, 2011)
y sólidos lácteos.
• Eficiencia productiva para producción de leche y sólidos lácteos, expresada en
relación al peso vivo y metabólico de los animales.
• Eficiencia nutricional, referida al cuociente entre la valorización energética de la
producción...
. Contenido graso y proteico. Valorización energética por kilogramo de leche y producción láctea corregida por contenido energético. Consumo Consumo individual diario de MS Consumo relativo (kg de MS/ 100 kg de peso vivo) 14 Eficiencia biológica Eficiencia de...
. Contenido graso y proteico. Valorización energética por kilogramo de leche y producción láctea corregida por contenido energético. Consumo Consumo individual diario de MS Consumo relativo (kg de MS/ 100 kg de peso vivo) 14 Eficiencia biológica Eficiencia de...
Diseño de una Celda de Combustible Microbiológica con Uso de Bacterias Oxidantes de Azufre y Hierro
(Universidad de Chile, 2012)
más de 3 veces superiores a los valores máximos encontrados en sistemas de sustrato orgánico. Las curvas obtenidas presentan un acentuado fenómeno de histéresis que cuestionan la escalabilidad de este desempeño. La eficiencia energética, respecto del...
Diseño de una Celda de Combustible Microbiológica con Uso de Bacterias Oxidantes de Azufre y Hierro
(Universidad de ChileCyberDocs, 2012)
La actual problemática energética-medioambiental motiva la búsqueda de nuevas fuentes de energía con menor impacto, así como el diseño de procesos industriales más eficientes en el uso de los recursos. Las celdas de combustible microbiológicas...
Aplicación y evaluación de un modelo de estimación del efecto de un eclipse solar en la generación eléctrica fotovoltaica: aplicación al eclipse del 2 de julio de 2019
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
matriz energética nacional. Dentro de esta industria existen diversos efectos que reducen la eficiencia de generación eléctrica, como lo son el tipo de tecnología del panel que utilizan, la presencia de seguidores solares y el efecto soiling, entre otros...
Since 2012, Chilean photovoltaic industry has grown at such level that it has become the most important non-conventional renewable energy source, being 10% of the installed capacity of the national energy matrix. On this industry there are various factors that decrease efficiency of electric generation, such as the type of panel technology used, the use of solar trackers and soiling effect, and others. But there is a phenomenon that affects photovoltaic plants, that has little information worldwide and has no research in Chile: generation reduction effect caused by solar eclipses on photovoltaic plants. Solar eclipse of July 2dn, 2019 was the best chance to apply and evaluate photovoltaic electricity generation estimation model in Chile, due the fact that this solar eclipse affected northern Chile, where most solar plants are located, also to the fact that 100% obscuration affected “El Romero” plant, the photovoltaic plant with the largest capacity in the country. This research’s results show estimated generation of Chilean photovoltaic plants to July 2dn, with and without solar eclipse’s effect, where a reduction effect with a V shape was expected in photovoltaic generation between 14:17 and 17:50. Peak reduction in generation was estimated at 903.6 MW at 16:35. Model’s validation shows that estimated generation allowed to predict July’s 2dn, 2019 generation with values of R2 statistics of 0.97, bias of -0.071, RMSE of 119.22 and NRMSE of 20.2%. At last, the model provided an adequate prediction of photovoltaic generation, which gives the basis to correct decision-making, guaranteeing electrical safety of energy matrix. Also, the model allows its application in future solar eclipses that affects photovoltaic plant to anticipate the behavior of electricity generation....
Since 2012, Chilean photovoltaic industry has grown at such level that it has become the most important non-conventional renewable energy source, being 10% of the installed capacity of the national energy matrix. On this industry there are various factors that decrease efficiency of electric generation, such as the type of panel technology used, the use of solar trackers and soiling effect, and others. But there is a phenomenon that affects photovoltaic plants, that has little information worldwide and has no research in Chile: generation reduction effect caused by solar eclipses on photovoltaic plants. Solar eclipse of July 2dn, 2019 was the best chance to apply and evaluate photovoltaic electricity generation estimation model in Chile, due the fact that this solar eclipse affected northern Chile, where most solar plants are located, also to the fact that 100% obscuration affected “El Romero” plant, the photovoltaic plant with the largest capacity in the country. This research’s results show estimated generation of Chilean photovoltaic plants to July 2dn, with and without solar eclipse’s effect, where a reduction effect with a V shape was expected in photovoltaic generation between 14:17 and 17:50. Peak reduction in generation was estimated at 903.6 MW at 16:35. Model’s validation shows that estimated generation allowed to predict July’s 2dn, 2019 generation with values of R2 statistics of 0.97, bias of -0.071, RMSE of 119.22 and NRMSE of 20.2%. At last, the model provided an adequate prediction of photovoltaic generation, which gives the basis to correct decision-making, guaranteeing electrical safety of energy matrix. Also, the model allows its application in future solar eclipses that affects photovoltaic plant to anticipate the behavior of electricity generation....
Enzimas metabólicas mitocondriales en eritrocitos de Zonotrichia capensis (Paseriformes: Passerellidae): interacción entre termorregulación y osmorregulación
(Universidad de Chile, 2023)
eficiencia energética por efecto de la
aclimatación térmica. En cuanto a la actividad metabólica de los eritrocitos, no se
encontraron variaciones atribuibles a los factores de aclimatación térmica e hidrosalina.
No obstante, la actividad metabólica de...
Salinization of water bodies can affect the ecology of passerine birds due to its impact on water balance and their limited osmoregulatory capacity. Organisms are simultaneously affected by multiple environmental factors, such as salinity and ambient temperature. These factors have an impact on organismal energy expenditure, as they can affect the osmotic balance of tissues and thermogenic capacity. Changes in energy expenditure translate into tissue-level metabolic adjustments. A minimally invasive alternative to studying tissue-level metabolic adjustments is through erythrocytes, as they exhibit metabolic flexibility in response to osmoregulatory and thermoregulatory challenges, correlating with organismal energy expenditure rates. This thesis evaluated in a model passerine bird species Zonotrichia capensis metabolic, osmoregulatory, and cellular adjustments in response to hydrosaline (200 and 0 mM, NaCl) for four weeks and thermal acclimation at 27 °C the first two weeks, then at 17 °C. It was found that thermal and hydrosaline acclimation did not generate variations in metabolic rate, nor did it have significant effects on osmoregulatory variables. However, birds were found to exhibit adjustments in energy efficiency due to thermal acclimation, impacting energy expenditure and thermal conductance. Regarding cellular metabolic adjustments, no variations attributable to thermal and hydrosaline acclimation factors were found. Nonetheless, erythrocyte metabolic activity can serve as an indicator of metabolic expansion capacity. Salinity and acclimation temperature, however, did not impact the oxidative state of the birds. This is because the ratio between prooxidant and antioxidant molecules remained constant, despite individual variations in prooxidant and antioxidant levels separately. In conclusion, birds demonstrate notable osmoregulatory capabilities that explain the absence of modifications in energy expenditure to counter the hypersaline challenge. Furthermore, animals express compensatory mechanisms in their oxidative state, enabling them to maintain this state unaltered. Finally, thermal and hydrosaline acclimation do not necessarily imply variations in erythrocyte metabolic capacity. However, we observed that levels of citrate synthase enzyme activity in erythrocytes provide indications of energy metabolic capacities at the organismal level...
Salinization of water bodies can affect the ecology of passerine birds due to its impact on water balance and their limited osmoregulatory capacity. Organisms are simultaneously affected by multiple environmental factors, such as salinity and ambient temperature. These factors have an impact on organismal energy expenditure, as they can affect the osmotic balance of tissues and thermogenic capacity. Changes in energy expenditure translate into tissue-level metabolic adjustments. A minimally invasive alternative to studying tissue-level metabolic adjustments is through erythrocytes, as they exhibit metabolic flexibility in response to osmoregulatory and thermoregulatory challenges, correlating with organismal energy expenditure rates. This thesis evaluated in a model passerine bird species Zonotrichia capensis metabolic, osmoregulatory, and cellular adjustments in response to hydrosaline (200 and 0 mM, NaCl) for four weeks and thermal acclimation at 27 °C the first two weeks, then at 17 °C. It was found that thermal and hydrosaline acclimation did not generate variations in metabolic rate, nor did it have significant effects on osmoregulatory variables. However, birds were found to exhibit adjustments in energy efficiency due to thermal acclimation, impacting energy expenditure and thermal conductance. Regarding cellular metabolic adjustments, no variations attributable to thermal and hydrosaline acclimation factors were found. Nonetheless, erythrocyte metabolic activity can serve as an indicator of metabolic expansion capacity. Salinity and acclimation temperature, however, did not impact the oxidative state of the birds. This is because the ratio between prooxidant and antioxidant molecules remained constant, despite individual variations in prooxidant and antioxidant levels separately. In conclusion, birds demonstrate notable osmoregulatory capabilities that explain the absence of modifications in energy expenditure to counter the hypersaline challenge. Furthermore, animals express compensatory mechanisms in their oxidative state, enabling them to maintain this state unaltered. Finally, thermal and hydrosaline acclimation do not necessarily imply variations in erythrocyte metabolic capacity. However, we observed that levels of citrate synthase enzyme activity in erythrocytes provide indications of energy metabolic capacities at the organismal level...
Desarrollo de una herramienta de cálculo de emisiones y evaluación de iniciativas para la descarbonización de la industria minera del cobre en Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2022)
en un aumento del 135% con respecto al 2019.
Cuando se considera la proyección de las emisiones con la disminución de las leyes y el cambio de la matriz energética en el país se ve un cambio importante. Las emisiones de alcance 2 disminuyen en un 86...
Identificación de estrategias de diseño que optimicen la operación de los edificios residenciales de densidad media : caso de estudio en ciudad de Concepción
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
1.1.3. El rol de la tecnología y la eficiencia energética en los costos operacionales. ......... 26
CAPITULO II .............................................................................................................. 29
2.1. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA...
.................................................................................................... 113 3.5.4.- Eficiencia energética .............................................................................................. 115 3.6. ANALISIS DE DATOS: ........................................................................................ 118...
.................................................................................................... 113 3.5.4.- Eficiencia energética .............................................................................................. 115 3.6. ANALISIS DE DATOS: ........................................................................................ 118...