Advanced Search
Now showing items 131-140 of 1379
Diseño de un framework semántico para el desarrollo e instanciación de servicios u-health dirigidos a pacientes crónicos
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
.............................................................................. 92
5.1. Hipertensión Arterial ................................................................................. 92
5.1.1. Causas .............................................................................................. 92
5.1.2. Sintomatología...
......................................................................... 99 5.1.5. Seguimiento y bioseñales en pacientes con hipertensión ................. 99 vi 5.1.6. Situaciones de riesgo en pacientes con hipertensión ...................... 103 5.2. Instanciación de la ontología de contexto médico...
......................................................................... 99 5.1.5. Seguimiento y bioseñales en pacientes con hipertensión ................. 99 vi 5.1.6. Situaciones de riesgo en pacientes con hipertensión ...................... 103 5.2. Instanciación de la ontología de contexto médico...
Caracterización de pacientes secuelados de accidente cerebrovascular del Hospital Padre Hurtado
(Universidad de Chile, 2010)
de circulación anterior (43,1%). Los accidentes
cerebrovasculares hemorrágicos alcanzan un 10% del total. El rango de edad con mayor
número de casos (73) es de 55-64 años. El factor de riesgo más prevalente fue la
hipertensión arterial (76...
del estudio PISCIS realizado en Iquique. En relación al sexo, nuestra población no presenta grandes diferencias. La hipertensión arterial es el factor de riesgo más común para casi todas las edades. La discapacidad que predomina en esta población es...
del estudio PISCIS realizado en Iquique. En relación al sexo, nuestra población no presenta grandes diferencias. La hipertensión arterial es el factor de riesgo más común para casi todas las edades. La discapacidad que predomina en esta población es...
Cardiomiopatía hipertrófica felina : actualización en métodos diagnósticos y en drogas en estudio para su tratamiento
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
presentarse a cualquier edad, existiendo predisposición en razas Maine Coon y Doméstico Pelo Corto. Dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales se encuentran: hipertiroidismo, estenosis aórtica, hipertensión sistémica, acromegalia y feocromocitoma. La...
Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHCM) is the most common heart disease in cats, which can be asymptomatic, presented with nonspecific signology or with more complex expressions such as congestive heart failure (CHF), sudden death or thromboembolism. It is a primary myocardial disease, occurring in cadiomyocytes concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle, possibly by genetic mutation. Fibrosis is induced leading to diastolic dysfunction. It can occur at any age and there is predisposition in some breeds as Maine Coon and Domestic Shorthair. Differential diagnoses include: hyperthyroidism, aortic stenosis, systemic hypertension, acromegaly and pheochromocytome. Echocardiography currently stands as a diagnostic method of choice for FHCM especially for its contribution to the prognosis, allowing the assessment of the diastolic function, the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy, the existence of turbulent flow, the dilatation of the left atrium and the presence of thrombus in the left atrium. The chest radiography is very useful in the presence of pulmonary edema and pleural effusion in cases that the patients have CHF. The magnetic resonance provides useful information in terms of mass and cardiac volumes, but it has disadvantages. Among the blood diagnostic methods, cardiac troponin I, could be helpful in assessing the prognosis of FHCM; endothelin I and brain and atrial natriuretics peptides have been useful to differentiate between CHF and primary respiratory disease, but cannot tell whether or not it is because FHCM. There are other studies about the growth hormone, being slightly higher in cats with FHCM. Regarding the treatment, drugs are currently being used to improve diastolic function and reduce hypertrophy, such as calcium channel blockers (diltiazem) or beta blockers such as atenolol and amlodipine in cases of secondary hypertension. In the case of CHF, diurethics such as furosemide are used. Within the drugs being studied, there are spironolactone, which has not shown good results, and ivabradine that has been shown to reduce heart rate both in rest and stress states, important property in these patients....
Feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHCM) is the most common heart disease in cats, which can be asymptomatic, presented with nonspecific signology or with more complex expressions such as congestive heart failure (CHF), sudden death or thromboembolism. It is a primary myocardial disease, occurring in cadiomyocytes concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricle, possibly by genetic mutation. Fibrosis is induced leading to diastolic dysfunction. It can occur at any age and there is predisposition in some breeds as Maine Coon and Domestic Shorthair. Differential diagnoses include: hyperthyroidism, aortic stenosis, systemic hypertension, acromegaly and pheochromocytome. Echocardiography currently stands as a diagnostic method of choice for FHCM especially for its contribution to the prognosis, allowing the assessment of the diastolic function, the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy, the existence of turbulent flow, the dilatation of the left atrium and the presence of thrombus in the left atrium. The chest radiography is very useful in the presence of pulmonary edema and pleural effusion in cases that the patients have CHF. The magnetic resonance provides useful information in terms of mass and cardiac volumes, but it has disadvantages. Among the blood diagnostic methods, cardiac troponin I, could be helpful in assessing the prognosis of FHCM; endothelin I and brain and atrial natriuretics peptides have been useful to differentiate between CHF and primary respiratory disease, but cannot tell whether or not it is because FHCM. There are other studies about the growth hormone, being slightly higher in cats with FHCM. Regarding the treatment, drugs are currently being used to improve diastolic function and reduce hypertrophy, such as calcium channel blockers (diltiazem) or beta blockers such as atenolol and amlodipine in cases of secondary hypertension. In the case of CHF, diurethics such as furosemide are used. Within the drugs being studied, there are spironolactone, which has not shown good results, and ivabradine that has been shown to reduce heart rate both in rest and stress states, important property in these patients....
Efecto de la administración postnatal de melatonina sobre la función y estructura cardíaca en neonatos de oveja gestados y nacidos en hipoxia crónica
(Universidad de Chile, 2017)
La transición cardiopulmonar del recién nacido es vital al nacimiento. En la hipertensión pulmonar del recién nacido (HTPRN) esta adaptación se ve comprometida, generando un aumento crónico de la postcarga del ventrículo derecho (VD) debido a una...
The cardiopulmonary transition at birth is vital phenomenon. In the persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) this aspect is compromised, generating an excesive afterload to the right ventricule (RV) due to an increased hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. As this persists, the RV develops a maladaptative hypertrophy, mainly basal and septal, and failure with an increased morbimortality. Treatment of PPHN has focused mainly on reverting vasoconstriction, with low efectiveness. This could be explained due to lack of knowlegde on the pathophysiology of heart failure and lack of attention of this issue on treatment. There is evidence of the role of oxidative/nitrosative stress (ONS) on the pathophysiology of PPHN, however, there are no studies of the impact in the heart. The neurohormone melatonin has shown a scavenger effect over reactive oxigen/nitrogen species and the ability to increase level of antioxidant enzymes. It has also shown beneficial in reverting the anatomical and functional changes in PPHN. With this evidence we tested the hypotesis that ONS is related to the changes in structure and function of the heart in PPHN, and that melatonin is capable to revert this changes. Ten neonate sheep that where gestated and borned in hypobaric hipoxia (INCAS, Putre, 3600 m) where divided in control (CN, n = 5) and treatment (MN, n = 5) groups, with the administration of vehicule or melatonin (1 mg/kg/d PO), respectively. Intervention occurred within 4 and 12 days after birth, where hemodynamic variables where recorded to estimate cardiac function (cardiac output [CO] and variability [CV]). At the end of the period, samples where obtained for macro and microscopic study of the heart, and also for markers of ONS (nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal) and expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase and GPx) on RV. Functionally, the MN group showed an increase in CO by the end of the period, with no changes in CV. Structurally, the MN group showed a decrease in myocardial area of the RV cavity, wall and interventricular septum. Finally, the MN group showed an increase in the expression of catalase in RV with no differences in ONS between groups. With these results we postulate that melatonin could revert the structural changes in PPHN, with a beneficial effect on its function....
The cardiopulmonary transition at birth is vital phenomenon. In the persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) this aspect is compromised, generating an excesive afterload to the right ventricule (RV) due to an increased hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. As this persists, the RV develops a maladaptative hypertrophy, mainly basal and septal, and failure with an increased morbimortality. Treatment of PPHN has focused mainly on reverting vasoconstriction, with low efectiveness. This could be explained due to lack of knowlegde on the pathophysiology of heart failure and lack of attention of this issue on treatment. There is evidence of the role of oxidative/nitrosative stress (ONS) on the pathophysiology of PPHN, however, there are no studies of the impact in the heart. The neurohormone melatonin has shown a scavenger effect over reactive oxigen/nitrogen species and the ability to increase level of antioxidant enzymes. It has also shown beneficial in reverting the anatomical and functional changes in PPHN. With this evidence we tested the hypotesis that ONS is related to the changes in structure and function of the heart in PPHN, and that melatonin is capable to revert this changes. Ten neonate sheep that where gestated and borned in hypobaric hipoxia (INCAS, Putre, 3600 m) where divided in control (CN, n = 5) and treatment (MN, n = 5) groups, with the administration of vehicule or melatonin (1 mg/kg/d PO), respectively. Intervention occurred within 4 and 12 days after birth, where hemodynamic variables where recorded to estimate cardiac function (cardiac output [CO] and variability [CV]). At the end of the period, samples where obtained for macro and microscopic study of the heart, and also for markers of ONS (nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal) and expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase and GPx) on RV. Functionally, the MN group showed an increase in CO by the end of the period, with no changes in CV. Structurally, the MN group showed a decrease in myocardial area of the RV cavity, wall and interventricular septum. Finally, the MN group showed an increase in the expression of catalase in RV with no differences in ONS between groups. With these results we postulate that melatonin could revert the structural changes in PPHN, with a beneficial effect on its function....
Percepción de la calidad de vida en un grupo de pacientes insuficientes cardíacos, que participaron de un programa de ejercicios aeróbicos y de sobrecarga
(Universidad de Chile, 2010)
factores de riesgo cardiovascular como son: 35,4% de
dislipidemia, un 42% de tabaquismo, un 33,7% de hipertensión arterial, un 4,2% de
Diabetes Mellitus, un 38% de sobrepeso y un 22% de obesidad. (8)
Estos cambios han traído consigo el aumento de las...
de otros factores de riesgo como obesidad, hipertensión arterial, Diabetes y dislipidemia. Lamentablemente el sedentarismo alcanza en Chile niveles alarmantes, con una prevalencia de 89,2%. (7) Considerando la dimensión de la patología...
de otros factores de riesgo como obesidad, hipertensión arterial, Diabetes y dislipidemia. Lamentablemente el sedentarismo alcanza en Chile niveles alarmantes, con una prevalencia de 89,2%. (7) Considerando la dimensión de la patología...
Implementación del programa Fondo de Farmacia para enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en atención primaria de salud en la red asistencial del Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur
(Universidad de Chile, 2015)
Según la última encuesta nacional de salud las prevalencias de Hipertensión Arterial, Dislipidemia y Diabetes Mellitus son de 26,9; 38,5 y 9,4% respectivamente. En este contexto, surge el programa ministerial “Fondo de Farmacia para enfermedades...
Caracterización epidemiológica de adultos mayores pertenecientes a un establecimiento de larga estadía Comuna de Independencia y de la Facultad Odontología Universidad de Chile, año 2014
(Universidad de Chile, 2014)
% se
encontraron solteros o viudos.
Las enfermedades sistémicas más prevalentes para ambos grupos fueron:
hipertensión arterial, artritis-artrosis, diabetes mellitus y cardiopatías.
En relación a las enfermedades bucodentales el 47,9% presentó...
de más edad y que dicen relación con enfermedades crónicas (hipertensión, diabetes, por ejemplo) o bien con enfermedades degenerativas, todas las cuales tienen tratamientos muy diferentes a las enfermedades infecciosas y agudas, propias de los...
de más edad y que dicen relación con enfermedades crónicas (hipertensión, diabetes, por ejemplo) o bien con enfermedades degenerativas, todas las cuales tienen tratamientos muy diferentes a las enfermedades infecciosas y agudas, propias de los...
Perfil sociodemográfico y de riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes diabéticos de un consultorio urbano SSMN, 2004
(Universidad de Chile, 2006)
diabéticos asistentes a control de pie diabético entre agosto de 2003 y agosto de 2004. Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas (sexo, edad, estado civil, escolaridad, ocupación) y clínicas (tiempo de diabetes, glicemia capilar, diagnóstico de hipertensión...
Aplicación de un cuestionario de sueño y la escala de
somnolencia de Epworth en un centro de salud familiar
(2008)
hipertensión arterial, cardiopatía coronaria, ac-
cidentes cerebrovasculares y síndrome metabó-
lico7-12.
En nuestro conocimiento, no existen estudios
en Chile respecto de la prevalencia y característi-
cas de los trastornos de sueño. Debido al alto
costo...
,3 ± 14,9 Talla (cm) 157,2 ± 18,7 IMC (kg/m2) 28,7 ± 5,8 Cintura (cm) 97,3 ± 53,1 Cuello (cm) 35,9 ± 5,5 PA sistólica (mmHg) 118,8 ± 19,1 PA diastólica (mmHg) 75,9 ± 48,7 Comorbilidad Hipertensión arterial 37,2% Diabetes mellitus 11,1% Dislipidemia 19...
,3 ± 14,9 Talla (cm) 157,2 ± 18,7 IMC (kg/m2) 28,7 ± 5,8 Cintura (cm) 97,3 ± 53,1 Cuello (cm) 35,9 ± 5,5 PA sistólica (mmHg) 118,8 ± 19,1 PA diastólica (mmHg) 75,9 ± 48,7 Comorbilidad Hipertensión arterial 37,2% Diabetes mellitus 11,1% Dislipidemia 19...
Terapias médicas actuales para el tratamiento de hiperadrenocorticismo de origen hipofisiario en perros.
(Universidad de Chile, 2019)
examen físico los hallazgos más
comunes encontrados son distensión abdominal, jadeo, obesidad troncal, alopecia simétrica
bilateral, hiperpigmentación, pioderma, comedones, hepatomegalia, debilidad muscular e
hipertensión sistémica. Algunas otras...
diagnosticados con HDP padecían hipotiroidismo, condición que no se asociaba a una reducción en la esperanza de vida (Fracassi et al., 2014). ➢ Hipertensión: se ha reportado en distintos estudios que el HAC causa hipertensión secundaria. Los mecanismos por los...
diagnosticados con HDP padecían hipotiroidismo, condición que no se asociaba a una reducción en la esperanza de vida (Fracassi et al., 2014). ➢ Hipertensión: se ha reportado en distintos estudios que el HAC causa hipertensión secundaria. Los mecanismos por los...