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Centro de intercambio agro-urbano. La Pintana
(Universidad de Chile, 2015)
investigaciones agropecuarias de Chile
Parcelas Mapuhue 240 Ha
Macro predios agrícolas 587 Ha
Huertos José Maza 297 Ha
Uso agrícola y otros usos
Las Rosas 131 Ha Área de extensión urbana según PRMS 100
Imagen 15
34,8%
De la superficie
comunal para
Producción...
resul- tado un área que incorpora parte del centro cívico actual (EE) de la comuna y parte del centro cívico proyectado como extensión urba- na (EEX) que actualmente corresponde a macro predios de La Platina que alguna vez fueron agrícolas y hoy...
resul- tado un área que incorpora parte del centro cívico actual (EE) de la comuna y parte del centro cívico proyectado como extensión urba- na (EEX) que actualmente corresponde a macro predios de La Platina que alguna vez fueron agrícolas y hoy...
OlivoAtacama : centro del oleoturismo y almazara
(Universidad de Chile, 2023)
suelo e incluso problemas en el cuidado del olivo.
Para esto se situó el proyecto en un contexto donde se pueda destacar la producción del olivo como un producto agrícola clave para el Valle y como para la región, que conforma un patrimonio natural que...
Alpacas Roco: centro de producción y protección textil artesanal : puesta en valor del patrimonio biocultural en la comuna de La Ligua
(Universidad de Chile, 2018)
El Centro de Protección y Producción Textil Artesanal en la comuna de La Ligua, es un proyecto que busca otorgar valor a la cultura textil artesanal que existe en la zona. De este modo, el proyecto buscar ser un espacio para el diálogo de los...
Social Justice and Agricultural Innovation.
(Univ Chile, Centro Interdisciplinario Estudios Bioética, 2020)
seis formas de justicia
que deben analizarse en relación con el tema de la producción agrícola, la introducción de innovacio-
nes comercializables y la investigación que abre fronteras. Sus implicaciones para la formulación de
políticas públicas con...
amplia perspectiva sobre la innovación tecno- lógica y sus estrechas relaciones con temas como los principios de la propiedad intelectual y diferentes teorías de la justicia. Se concentra en el campo de la innovación agrícola, un tema de profundo interés...
amplia perspectiva sobre la innovación tecno- lógica y sus estrechas relaciones con temas como los principios de la propiedad intelectual y diferentes teorías de la justicia. Se concentra en el campo de la innovación agrícola, un tema de profundo interés...
Efectos de las Apoidea nativas sobre la polinización y rendimiento de huertos de palto a escala local y de paisaje en la Región Metropolitana, Chile.
(Universidad de Chile, 2021)
general de integrar todas las variables en un modelo sostenible de producción agrícola, donde la estructura del hábitat mejora los servicios ambientales de las abejas nativas para la producción de huertos de palta en la zona de Chile central, un área en...
The diversity of native Apoidea is closely associated with the landscape structure that surrounds the orchards. However, the extent to which habitat variables influence the magnitude of the pollination process seems to depend on local variables such as the pollinator species composition and the specific orchard involved. This work aims to determine the effect of native bees and Apis mellifera on pollination and yield of three avocado (Persea americana Mill) orchards in the Chilean Metropolitan Region, both at local and landscape scales. To this end, three agroecosystems with different landscape structure were studied to inquire into the way landscape configuration influence bee taxonomic diversity, functional traits, and visitation rate of native bee communities and A. mellifera. In addition, the influence of A. mellifera hives on the pollination of plant species surrounding the avocado orchards were studied. Finally, native bees and A. mellifera were compared in terms of their pollination efficiency and yield for commercial avocado orchards. At each orchard, the surrounding vegetation was recorded and bee visitation rate on avocado individuals was recorded at increasing distance from the border, at the las using the insect exclusion method to count the amount of fruit produced as a direct effect of the intervention of native bees. Our results indicate a higher bee taxonomic diversity in semi-natural habitats at high surface temperatures and near citrus crops. As expected, bee visitation rate was higher in sites with high flowering plant species richness and high bee abundance. However, bee visits to the surrounding flora decreased with the presence of A. mellifera hives. Finally, A mellifera showed a lower pollination rate compared to native bee groups in avocado crops. However, A. mellifera visited more avocado flowers than native bees, in part because hives are massively introduced to crops for yield increase. In conclusion, we found that proper management of the agricultural landscape can regulate the decline of native bee biodiversity and at the same time increase the number of pollinators in the crops. The saturation of crops with A. mellifera hives may affecting yields, suggesting that an adequate management of self-managed hives may increase native bee population numbers, which in turn may improve avocado yields. This study contributes to the overall idea of integrating all the variables in a sustainable model of agricultural production, where habitat structure improves the environmental services of native bees for the production of avocado orchards in central Chile, an area largely modified by human disturbance....
The diversity of native Apoidea is closely associated with the landscape structure that surrounds the orchards. However, the extent to which habitat variables influence the magnitude of the pollination process seems to depend on local variables such as the pollinator species composition and the specific orchard involved. This work aims to determine the effect of native bees and Apis mellifera on pollination and yield of three avocado (Persea americana Mill) orchards in the Chilean Metropolitan Region, both at local and landscape scales. To this end, three agroecosystems with different landscape structure were studied to inquire into the way landscape configuration influence bee taxonomic diversity, functional traits, and visitation rate of native bee communities and A. mellifera. In addition, the influence of A. mellifera hives on the pollination of plant species surrounding the avocado orchards were studied. Finally, native bees and A. mellifera were compared in terms of their pollination efficiency and yield for commercial avocado orchards. At each orchard, the surrounding vegetation was recorded and bee visitation rate on avocado individuals was recorded at increasing distance from the border, at the las using the insect exclusion method to count the amount of fruit produced as a direct effect of the intervention of native bees. Our results indicate a higher bee taxonomic diversity in semi-natural habitats at high surface temperatures and near citrus crops. As expected, bee visitation rate was higher in sites with high flowering plant species richness and high bee abundance. However, bee visits to the surrounding flora decreased with the presence of A. mellifera hives. Finally, A mellifera showed a lower pollination rate compared to native bee groups in avocado crops. However, A. mellifera visited more avocado flowers than native bees, in part because hives are massively introduced to crops for yield increase. In conclusion, we found that proper management of the agricultural landscape can regulate the decline of native bee biodiversity and at the same time increase the number of pollinators in the crops. The saturation of crops with A. mellifera hives may affecting yields, suggesting that an adequate management of self-managed hives may increase native bee population numbers, which in turn may improve avocado yields. This study contributes to the overall idea of integrating all the variables in a sustainable model of agricultural production, where habitat structure improves the environmental services of native bees for the production of avocado orchards in central Chile, an area largely modified by human disturbance....
Análisis de la experiencia mundial en aplicación de purines de cerdos, como riego
(Universidad de Chile, 2003)
A nivel mundial, la experiencia acumulada en el manejo de los purines y efluentes está
orientada a su utilización en la producción agrícola debido a sus aportes como
fertilizantes y mejoradores de suelo por sus altos contenidos de materia orgánica...
Worldwide, the accumulated experience in the management of slurries and effluents is oriented towards their use in agricultural production due to their contributions as fertilizers and soil improvers due to their high content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements necessary for plant growth. This constitutes a natural treatment system that, complemented with conventional systems, can reduce its contaminating potential due to nitrogen, salts and other compounds. The experience exposed in this work shows that the highest pig producers in the world consider that the most feasible way to give a beneficial or at least harmless use to manure and effluents is their use in agriculture. To this end, these countries have carried out studies aimed at establishing the rates of application of these by-products so that they do not cause damage to the environment. As a direct consequence of these studies carried out in developed countries, manuals of good agricultural practices (specific for the study site) have been developed, which largely ensure a better use of manure and effluents according to the specific requirements of each type of crop and each region according to its characteristics. In Chile, studies are just beginning and therefore there is no previous national information on the subject. A large percentage of the manure and effluents produced by national pig farms are applied to the soil as irrigation, which is considered a form of treatment. This form of effluent disposal is within the methodologies endorsed by the APL (Clean Production Agreements), although it has been detected that, in many farms, the area available to carry out these applications is clearly insufficient for an adequate disposal of them...
Worldwide, the accumulated experience in the management of slurries and effluents is oriented towards their use in agricultural production due to their contributions as fertilizers and soil improvers due to their high content of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements necessary for plant growth. This constitutes a natural treatment system that, complemented with conventional systems, can reduce its contaminating potential due to nitrogen, salts and other compounds. The experience exposed in this work shows that the highest pig producers in the world consider that the most feasible way to give a beneficial or at least harmless use to manure and effluents is their use in agriculture. To this end, these countries have carried out studies aimed at establishing the rates of application of these by-products so that they do not cause damage to the environment. As a direct consequence of these studies carried out in developed countries, manuals of good agricultural practices (specific for the study site) have been developed, which largely ensure a better use of manure and effluents according to the specific requirements of each type of crop and each region according to its characteristics. In Chile, studies are just beginning and therefore there is no previous national information on the subject. A large percentage of the manure and effluents produced by national pig farms are applied to the soil as irrigation, which is considered a form of treatment. This form of effluent disposal is within the methodologies endorsed by the APL (Clean Production Agreements), although it has been detected that, in many farms, the area available to carry out these applications is clearly insufficient for an adequate disposal of them...
Análisis del impacto de una propuesta de diseño fotovoltaico sobre parámetros claves para un proyecto agrivoltaico en Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2023)
Hoy ya son visibles los efectos del cambio climático (como altas temperaturas y sequías) los que afectan a la producción agrícola y generan competencia por el uso del suelo con el sector energético (energía solar fotovoltaica). Esto debido a que...
El ciclo antisocial del agua : injusticia hídrica en la provincia de Petorca
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
realizó una evaluación crítica del rol del Estado, específicamente de sus instrumentos de fiscalización y sanción, y de mercado. Los resultados obtenidos dan cuenta de una concentración de la propiedad de las aguas para la actividad agrícola de exportación...
The neoliberalization of water in Chile has unleashed processes of accumulation of water rights in the territories, producing a distributive inequality that results in the marginalization of a large part of the communities and the ecosystems. These processes, accompanied by other forces such as drought, produce water crises that trigger hydro-social conflicts in the territories, which strain the legitimacy of the State, forcing it to act with reactive measures that address the crisis, while trying to sustain the legitimacy of the Chilean water management model. In this context, the province of Petorca, Chile, is an emblematic case of a water crisis produced by intensive agriculture and a water deficit of more than a decade. Thus, the objective of this research is to characterise the manifestation of water distribution inequity in the province of Petorca and the role of the State in this respect from the perspective of Water Justice as a framework for analysis. To this end, information was collected on the water rights registered with the province's Real Estate Agency during the period 2000-2017, analysing price, flow and water ownership variables, and a critical evaluation was made of the role of the State, specifically its control and sanctioning instruments, and the market. The results obtained show a concentration of water ownership for agricultural export activities, highlighting an important role of the state's allocation mechanisms for water rights in this process. On the other hand, the State's management instruments do not demonstrate a significant impact on the reduction of water distribution inequity in the province....
The neoliberalization of water in Chile has unleashed processes of accumulation of water rights in the territories, producing a distributive inequality that results in the marginalization of a large part of the communities and the ecosystems. These processes, accompanied by other forces such as drought, produce water crises that trigger hydro-social conflicts in the territories, which strain the legitimacy of the State, forcing it to act with reactive measures that address the crisis, while trying to sustain the legitimacy of the Chilean water management model. In this context, the province of Petorca, Chile, is an emblematic case of a water crisis produced by intensive agriculture and a water deficit of more than a decade. Thus, the objective of this research is to characterise the manifestation of water distribution inequity in the province of Petorca and the role of the State in this respect from the perspective of Water Justice as a framework for analysis. To this end, information was collected on the water rights registered with the province's Real Estate Agency during the period 2000-2017, analysing price, flow and water ownership variables, and a critical evaluation was made of the role of the State, specifically its control and sanctioning instruments, and the market. The results obtained show a concentration of water ownership for agricultural export activities, highlighting an important role of the state's allocation mechanisms for water rights in this process. On the other hand, the State's management instruments do not demonstrate a significant impact on the reduction of water distribution inequity in the province....
Biodisponibilidad de plomo en suelos agrícolas cercanos a la carretera de la fruta (Ruta Ch-66), Región de O'Higgins
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
biodisponibilidad de Pb en suelos agrícolas adyacentes a la carretera CH-66 en la Comuna de las Cabras, Región de O´Higgins. El estudio evaluó la variación de la concentración de Pb respecto a la distancia desde la carretera y la profundidad del suelo. Para ello se...
Cambio técnico y condiciones socioambientales en la producción de uva de exportación : aproximación sociotécnica
(Universidad de Chile, 2014-04)
El presente estudio está enfocado como una aproximación de la Teoría Socio-técnica y describe los efectos que produce un cambio en la tecnología de producción motivado para mejorar la productividad en una empresa agrícola dedicada a la producción y...