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Expansión de las interconexiones internacionales considerando incentivos económicos conflictivos entre países
(Universidad de Chile, 2019)
comportamiento de
los agentes, al enfrentarse a un escenario de esta naturaleza y la pérdida de eficiencia que
trae, se calcularon los precios de la anarquía para cada equilibrio competitivo.
Finalmente, el estudio revela que el precio de la anarquía es...
existen para implementar las distintas posibilidades de interconexión permitiría evaluar el uso de distintas estrategias de asignación de costos y beneficios desde el punto de vista de su eficiencia. 1.1. Objetivo General Analizar los incentivos económicos...
existen para implementar las distintas posibilidades de interconexión permitiría evaluar el uso de distintas estrategias de asignación de costos y beneficios desde el punto de vista de su eficiencia. 1.1. Objetivo General Analizar los incentivos económicos...
Propuesta para optimizar espacios de espera y conectividad entre las torres B y C de la Clínica Red de Salud Vitacura
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
perfil estético aumentando al mismo tiempo la eficiencia energética general a través de sistemas ecológicos tipicos de la arquitectura sustentable, especialmente la incorporación de celosías, siguiendo una línea estratégica orientada hacia la promoción de...
The project developed in the following pages can be assumed as a response to the direct request of the administration of the “Red Salud Vitacura” clinic to develop an intervention plan that allows solving current problems related to connectivity between hospitalization towers: connection between different areas of hospitalization with the areas of wards and procedures; However, and as an addition, an extension and aesthetic improvement of the waiting rooms is also proposed, insufficient today given the average level of health services provided in the clinic. The intervention will focus on the facades and living rooms (living rooms) of the Red Salud Vitacura buildings with the purpose of updating their aesthetic profile while increasing the general energy efficiency through ecological systems typical of sustainable architecture: the incorporation of lattices, etc., following a strategic line oriented towards promoting greater connectivity between the different service sectors, increasing the adequacy of the clinic's facilities to a unique architectural concept. It is understood that the double objective of improving the connectivity of the different areas and additionally beautifying the rooms, making them more welcoming and pleasant, constitutes a purpose that can be promoted under a pattern such that a higher visual quality of facades and rooms achieves a positive impact on the general architectural concept in parallel with an appreciable improvement in connectivity between different sectors, thus giving greater organicity to the set of buildings....
The project developed in the following pages can be assumed as a response to the direct request of the administration of the “Red Salud Vitacura” clinic to develop an intervention plan that allows solving current problems related to connectivity between hospitalization towers: connection between different areas of hospitalization with the areas of wards and procedures; However, and as an addition, an extension and aesthetic improvement of the waiting rooms is also proposed, insufficient today given the average level of health services provided in the clinic. The intervention will focus on the facades and living rooms (living rooms) of the Red Salud Vitacura buildings with the purpose of updating their aesthetic profile while increasing the general energy efficiency through ecological systems typical of sustainable architecture: the incorporation of lattices, etc., following a strategic line oriented towards promoting greater connectivity between the different service sectors, increasing the adequacy of the clinic's facilities to a unique architectural concept. It is understood that the double objective of improving the connectivity of the different areas and additionally beautifying the rooms, making them more welcoming and pleasant, constitutes a purpose that can be promoted under a pattern such that a higher visual quality of facades and rooms achieves a positive impact on the general architectural concept in parallel with an appreciable improvement in connectivity between different sectors, thus giving greater organicity to the set of buildings....
Prefactibilidad técnica, económica y social para la producción de biogás a partir de residuos agropecuarios y macroalgas para la Comunidad Mapuche José Painecura
(Universidad de Chile, 2021)
la comunidad Mapuche. Se identifican la necesidades energéticas, aprovechamiento eficiente de los recursos y su relación con el impacto ambiental. Se describe el proceso productivo de producción de biogás y condiciones operacionales que afectan su...
La huella de carbono en el comercio internacional: el caso de las viñas chilenas
(Universidad de Chile, 2012-06)
Síntesis de redes orgánicas covalentes (COFs) basadas en reacciones de bases de Schiff como soporte de complejos fotocatalíticos
(Universidad de Chile, 2022)
medioambiente. Para contrarrestar estos efectos, se han propuesto alternativas entre las que se encuentran el fomento de estrategias basadas en la eficiencia energética y energías renovables, y los desarrollos de tecnologías de captura, almacenamiento y usos del...
Metabolismo de carbohidratos en portainjertos de prunus sometidos a deficiencia de oxígeno
(Universidad de Chile, 2023)
La utilización de portainjertos en agricultura ha permitido aumentar la eficiencia de la producción frutícola, mediante la selección de portainjertos tolerantes a diversos estreses, como aquel por hipoxia radical que puede producir cambios...
The use of rootstocks in agriculture has made it possible to increase the efficiency of fruit production through the selection of rootstocks tolerant to various stresses, such as radical hypoxia, which can produce phenotypic, metabolic and anatomical changes, ultimately causing an energy crisis in the grafted plant. Rootstocks have been characterized in stone species of the genus Prunus spp. and 'Mariana 2624' - M26 has been described as tolerant and 'Mazzard F12/1' - F12 as sensitive to radical hypoxia. In the present work, both rootstocks, sensitive and tolerant to hypoxia combined between them, were evaluated, quantifying glucose, fructose, sucrose and sorbitol, by HPLC-IR, in leaves and roots, in addition the gene expression of cDNA was determined, for 3 isoforms of sucrose synthases (SUS), 1 invertase (INV) and 1 hexokinase (HK), by qPCR, with respect to the RNA polymerase II (RPII) gene. The analyses performed made it possible to identify the relationship between the tolerance and/or sensitivity of the rootstock with respect to the grafted scion in sucrose metabolism, as a response to or consequence of hypoxia stress. From the results obtained, it was determined that a lower sucrose and sorbitol concentration is present in roots of M26 with respect to F12, with no significant differences in leaf concentrations. While the concentrations of hexoses in all combinations are maintained or increased in leaves and maintained or decreased in roots. Furthermore, in roots, on the one hand, overexpression of INVv2 for the 4 combinations, and on the other hand, repression of the 3 SUS analyzed in M26 and of 2 SUS in F12. No changes were observed for HK3 in all combinations. While, in leaves, INVv2 was overexpressed in the hetero-grafted combinations, together with SUS overexpression in F12 leaves, on the other hand, repression of 2 SUS in M26 and overexpression of HK3 in F12 leaves grafted on M26 were determined. From the results obtained, it can be inferred that sucrose and/or sorbitol translocation occurs from leaves to roots, due to the communication between the grafted scion and the rootstock, depending on the tolerance or sensitivity of the latter to hypoxia stress. In conclusion, the roots of the tolerant genotype (M26) are more energetically economical than the sensitive genotype (F12)....
The use of rootstocks in agriculture has made it possible to increase the efficiency of fruit production through the selection of rootstocks tolerant to various stresses, such as radical hypoxia, which can produce phenotypic, metabolic and anatomical changes, ultimately causing an energy crisis in the grafted plant. Rootstocks have been characterized in stone species of the genus Prunus spp. and 'Mariana 2624' - M26 has been described as tolerant and 'Mazzard F12/1' - F12 as sensitive to radical hypoxia. In the present work, both rootstocks, sensitive and tolerant to hypoxia combined between them, were evaluated, quantifying glucose, fructose, sucrose and sorbitol, by HPLC-IR, in leaves and roots, in addition the gene expression of cDNA was determined, for 3 isoforms of sucrose synthases (SUS), 1 invertase (INV) and 1 hexokinase (HK), by qPCR, with respect to the RNA polymerase II (RPII) gene. The analyses performed made it possible to identify the relationship between the tolerance and/or sensitivity of the rootstock with respect to the grafted scion in sucrose metabolism, as a response to or consequence of hypoxia stress. From the results obtained, it was determined that a lower sucrose and sorbitol concentration is present in roots of M26 with respect to F12, with no significant differences in leaf concentrations. While the concentrations of hexoses in all combinations are maintained or increased in leaves and maintained or decreased in roots. Furthermore, in roots, on the one hand, overexpression of INVv2 for the 4 combinations, and on the other hand, repression of the 3 SUS analyzed in M26 and of 2 SUS in F12. No changes were observed for HK3 in all combinations. While, in leaves, INVv2 was overexpressed in the hetero-grafted combinations, together with SUS overexpression in F12 leaves, on the other hand, repression of 2 SUS in M26 and overexpression of HK3 in F12 leaves grafted on M26 were determined. From the results obtained, it can be inferred that sucrose and/or sorbitol translocation occurs from leaves to roots, due to the communication between the grafted scion and the rootstock, depending on the tolerance or sensitivity of the latter to hypoxia stress. In conclusion, the roots of the tolerant genotype (M26) are more energetically economical than the sensitive genotype (F12)....
Plan de negocio para crecimiento y expansión de la empresa Jardín Infantil Tricahue Ltda.
(Universidad de Chile, 2022)
económico y financiero del proyecto.
La propuesta de valor diseñada para este jardín tiene un claro enfoque ecológico y medioambientalista que busca educar a los niños respecto al cuidado del medioambiente, la cultura de reciclaje y la eficiencia energética...
Estudio de factibilidad técnica-económica y estrategia para desarrollo inmobiliario habitacional de un edificio en San Pedro de la Paz
(Universidad de Chile, 2022)
: arquitectura, integración con áreas verdes y eficiencia energética. Además, de diferenciarse con configuraciones mejores que la competencia y con terrazas más amplias entre otros factores. La estrategia de financiamiento a utilizar será con aporte de capital de...
Biodegradación de compuestos orgánicos volátiles que producen malos olores
(Universidad de Chile, 2022)
microorganismos para remover contaminantes gaseosos en la cual se utilizan cepas heterotróficas de hongos o bacterias que utilizan los COVs como fuente de carbono o nitrógeno, o como fuente energética. Los biofiltros de lecho escurrido son biorreactores de lecho...
There is a silent contamination that is unknown to a large part of the population, this is the contamination by volatile organic compounds (VOC) which are discarded in the surroundings of water treatment plants, oil refineries, food processing, rendering etc. These can cause bad odors or in some cases become toxic. There are technologies that allow mitigating the emission of this type of pollutants, among which are physical, chemical and biotechnological methods. In the latter three types of technologies are grouped: biofilters, bioscrubbers and biotrickling filters which are based on the principle of biodegradation. This is, the use of microorganisms to remove gaseous pollutants in which strains of heterotrophic fungi or bacteria use VOCs as a carbon or nitrogen source, and as an energy source. Biotrickling filters are fixed bed bioreactors in which microorganisms form a biofilm on the bed surface and are continuously irrigated with a nutrient solution. The choice of microorganisms to inoculate a biofilter depends on the composition of the contaminated air and its ability to degrade one of the compounds present in it. Fusarium solani is a filamentous fungus commonly found in soil, organic waste, and plants. This type of fungi is capable of degrading various types of organic compounds, from aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons to xenobiotics. Rhodococcus erythropolis (Gram-positive bacteria) has a wide catabolic diversity and unique enzymatic capabilities. In this context, it was proposed to utilize a biotrickling filter inoculated with F. solani and R. erythropolis that would degrade methanol and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine. For which, in the first instance, it was necessary to determine the capacity of each microorganism to degrade each of the substances. Once the microorganism and the contaminant(s) had been determined, it was necessary to determine which medium was more appropriate to its degradation and to build a biofilter with the microorganism. Microcosms were used to evaluate the methanol and DMP degradation capacity of both F. solani and R. erythropolis. This was done in a liquid medium with both organisms and in a solid medium only with the fungus. The biofilter was built with a vermiculite bed inoculated with F. solani and the DMP concentration was measured in each stage. In all cases, gas concentration measurements were performed with gas chromatography. Finally, after disassembling the biofilter, a sample was taken from each stage of the biofilter for population analysis. After several degradation tests, R. erythropolis did not show the ability to degrade methanol and neither did DMP. On the other hand, although F. solani was not able to degrade methanol, it was able to degrade DMP. Also, in solid medium this fungus degrades DMP more efficiently than in liquid medium. The biofilter inoculated with F. solani had a relative efficiency of approximately 75%. F. solani was the main component of the biofilter. Therefore, a biotrickling filter inoculated with F. solani is an effective method for the DMP removal from the air with high efficiency...
There is a silent contamination that is unknown to a large part of the population, this is the contamination by volatile organic compounds (VOC) which are discarded in the surroundings of water treatment plants, oil refineries, food processing, rendering etc. These can cause bad odors or in some cases become toxic. There are technologies that allow mitigating the emission of this type of pollutants, among which are physical, chemical and biotechnological methods. In the latter three types of technologies are grouped: biofilters, bioscrubbers and biotrickling filters which are based on the principle of biodegradation. This is, the use of microorganisms to remove gaseous pollutants in which strains of heterotrophic fungi or bacteria use VOCs as a carbon or nitrogen source, and as an energy source. Biotrickling filters are fixed bed bioreactors in which microorganisms form a biofilm on the bed surface and are continuously irrigated with a nutrient solution. The choice of microorganisms to inoculate a biofilter depends on the composition of the contaminated air and its ability to degrade one of the compounds present in it. Fusarium solani is a filamentous fungus commonly found in soil, organic waste, and plants. This type of fungi is capable of degrading various types of organic compounds, from aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons to xenobiotics. Rhodococcus erythropolis (Gram-positive bacteria) has a wide catabolic diversity and unique enzymatic capabilities. In this context, it was proposed to utilize a biotrickling filter inoculated with F. solani and R. erythropolis that would degrade methanol and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine. For which, in the first instance, it was necessary to determine the capacity of each microorganism to degrade each of the substances. Once the microorganism and the contaminant(s) had been determined, it was necessary to determine which medium was more appropriate to its degradation and to build a biofilter with the microorganism. Microcosms were used to evaluate the methanol and DMP degradation capacity of both F. solani and R. erythropolis. This was done in a liquid medium with both organisms and in a solid medium only with the fungus. The biofilter was built with a vermiculite bed inoculated with F. solani and the DMP concentration was measured in each stage. In all cases, gas concentration measurements were performed with gas chromatography. Finally, after disassembling the biofilter, a sample was taken from each stage of the biofilter for population analysis. After several degradation tests, R. erythropolis did not show the ability to degrade methanol and neither did DMP. On the other hand, although F. solani was not able to degrade methanol, it was able to degrade DMP. Also, in solid medium this fungus degrades DMP more efficiently than in liquid medium. The biofilter inoculated with F. solani had a relative efficiency of approximately 75%. F. solani was the main component of the biofilter. Therefore, a biotrickling filter inoculated with F. solani is an effective method for the DMP removal from the air with high efficiency...
Vida sustentable en Chile: perspectivas de un cambio
(Universidad de Chile, 2010)
volver la ex ministra del Medio Ambiente, Ana Lya Uriarte, junto con destacar
medidas para apoyar Energías Renovables No Convencionales (ERNC) y un
fortalecimiento del programa de Eficiencia Energética (EE), lo que controlaría y
disminuiría la...