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Proposiciones desde la fonoaudiología para la intervención psicosocial con enfoque comunitario : una experiencia dirigida a niños emigrantes
(Universidad de Chile, 2013)
El objetivo general de esta investigación fue proponer acciones desde un enfoque comunitario para la Fonoaudiología, a partir de una experiencia vivenciada por 5 estudiantes de Fonoaudiología y una Fonoaudióloga en un escenario social durante el...
This research was mainly directed to propose a spectrum of actions, was conceived from a communitarian model, for the Speech and Language Pathology professionals. These propositions were extracted from an experience of five students cursing 4th year of Speech Therapy and one Speech Therapist, inserted in a social context during the period march-october 2013. The experience in which this research is based on was developed using a qualitative perspective, through the Participatory Action Research methodology (IAP). The chosen scenario for this study was a non-governmental corporation located in Santiago de Chile, named Colectivo sin Fronteras. This institution has as main objective the construction of a society that counts with legal, social and cultural conditions that guarantee the promotion and exercise of the rights of children in situation of migration -including their families- and intercultural coexistence. The length of the research process lasted about eight months. During this time, the procedures of Participant Observation (OP) and Participant Appraisal (DP) were used, for the creation of the objectives raised for this study. The registration process of these actions was made using a field diary. The information obtained was analyzed following a Grounded Theory approach, specifically referred to the open coding phase. Data obtained throughout the study was registered, combined and integrated in order to create a text that organizes the information in different categories of analysis: (1) the access to a communitarian environment; (2) the relationship established with the different actors within the chosen scenario; (3) the planning and execution of the workshop and other activities based in the PAR method, and other situations and elements that were developed along the whole experience. All this framed within a communitarian perspective. This study implies new approaches to an unusual work method within the discipline. It permitted to put in evidence that Speech Pathologists are able to develop their knowledge and practice immersed in communitarian environments, which are considered as enforcing contexts for communicative skills for every person who takes part of it. It also enhances the fields of action that constitute their profession, intending to bring benefits to the social wellbeing. To reach that goal, several skills and capabilities that favor the inclusion within a social context needed to be developed, in order to assimilate, understand and participate in the development of the different behavioral, emotional, cognitive and social patterns that build the community‟s communicative skills....
This research was mainly directed to propose a spectrum of actions, was conceived from a communitarian model, for the Speech and Language Pathology professionals. These propositions were extracted from an experience of five students cursing 4th year of Speech Therapy and one Speech Therapist, inserted in a social context during the period march-october 2013. The experience in which this research is based on was developed using a qualitative perspective, through the Participatory Action Research methodology (IAP). The chosen scenario for this study was a non-governmental corporation located in Santiago de Chile, named Colectivo sin Fronteras. This institution has as main objective the construction of a society that counts with legal, social and cultural conditions that guarantee the promotion and exercise of the rights of children in situation of migration -including their families- and intercultural coexistence. The length of the research process lasted about eight months. During this time, the procedures of Participant Observation (OP) and Participant Appraisal (DP) were used, for the creation of the objectives raised for this study. The registration process of these actions was made using a field diary. The information obtained was analyzed following a Grounded Theory approach, specifically referred to the open coding phase. Data obtained throughout the study was registered, combined and integrated in order to create a text that organizes the information in different categories of analysis: (1) the access to a communitarian environment; (2) the relationship established with the different actors within the chosen scenario; (3) the planning and execution of the workshop and other activities based in the PAR method, and other situations and elements that were developed along the whole experience. All this framed within a communitarian perspective. This study implies new approaches to an unusual work method within the discipline. It permitted to put in evidence that Speech Pathologists are able to develop their knowledge and practice immersed in communitarian environments, which are considered as enforcing contexts for communicative skills for every person who takes part of it. It also enhances the fields of action that constitute their profession, intending to bring benefits to the social wellbeing. To reach that goal, several skills and capabilities that favor the inclusion within a social context needed to be developed, in order to assimilate, understand and participate in the development of the different behavioral, emotional, cognitive and social patterns that build the community‟s communicative skills....
Determinación de la aflatoxina M1 en lecherías de la Región Metropolitana y Región de Valparaíso
(2018)
asoció positivamente a predios de mayor tamaño, mayor producción individual y alimentación con raciones completas que incluían concentrado....
Elaboración y caracterización de pasta funcional con adición de harina de bagazo de uva
(Universidad de Chile, 2013)
(Minsal, 2012). Esto lleva a la comunidad científica a buscar nuevas formas de
alimentación, más equilibradas y con un mayor aporte nutricional.
El concepto de Dieta Mediterránea como modelo de alimentación saludable surgió de
una investigación...
: Alimentos saludables que consumen los encuestados……………………….. Figura 4: Gráfico de porcentaje de Agrado y Desagrado por atributo…………………. Figura 5: Porcentaje de intención de compra si el producto se encontrara en el comercio...
: Alimentos saludables que consumen los encuestados……………………….. Figura 4: Gráfico de porcentaje de Agrado y Desagrado por atributo…………………. Figura 5: Porcentaje de intención de compra si el producto se encontrara en el comercio...
Intervención en salud y complicaciones en sujetos con alteración severa de conciencia que son atendidos bajo tres modalidades diferentes de cuidado en salud
(Universidad de Chile, 2010)
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE
FACULTAD DE MEDICINA
ESCUELA DE KINESIOLOGÍA
Intervención en salud y complicaciones en sujetos con alteración
severa de conciencia que son atendidos bajo tres modalidades
diferentes...
objetivo describir, por un lado, las intervenciones en salud que reciben estos sujetos y, por otra parte, las complicaciones secundarias que padecen, así como también, las características demográficas de los mismos. Fueron descritas tres poblaciones de...
objetivo describir, por un lado, las intervenciones en salud que reciben estos sujetos y, por otra parte, las complicaciones secundarias que padecen, así como también, las características demográficas de los mismos. Fueron descritas tres poblaciones de...
Extracción y estabilización de betalaínas de tuna púrpura (opuntia ficus-indica) mediante tecnología de membranas y microencapsulación, como colorante alimentario
(Universidad de Chile, 2013)
condiciones óptimas y se evaluó su estabilidad durante el almacenamiento a 30°C. Las micropartículas obtenidas en este estudio podrían ser aplicadas como colorantes con actividad antioxidante en la industria de alimentos para el diseño de productos...
Natural sources of red pigments are scarce, and betanin obtained from beetroot (Beta vulgaris) is commonly used in the food industry. Purple cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) is a source of betalains, which could be used as colorant for foods. Usually, the betalains are obtained by solvent extraction and are unstable to environmental factors (light, oxygen, temperature and water) losing its colorant and antioxidant capacity. In this context, membrane and encapsulation technologies appear as tools for obtaining and protecting, respectively, these pigments. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to stabilize a cactus pear betalains extract obtained by membrane technology, and cactus pear pulp, using microencapsulation techniques. Microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF), was used to obtain the purple cactus pear extract, assessing ceramic and polymeric membrane. The MF allowed clarifying the cactus pear pulp, obtaining better results with the ceramic membrane. UF extract corresponded to a clarified solution (without mucilage) with similar betalains content than cactus pear pulp, but with lower sugar content. UF extract and purple cactus pear pulp were encapsulated by spray drying using Capsul (C) and K4484 (K) as encapsulating agents, according to an experimental design (Central Composite Design (CCD) plus axial point) for each microparticles system studied (P-C, P-K, UF-C and UF-K). The inlet air temperature and the (P or UF)/encapsulating agent ratio showed significant effect on the encapsulation efficiency (EE), the betaxanthins and betacyanins recovery (R) and yield. The optimum condition of the drying temperature was dependent on the encapsulating agent, and the (P or UF)/(C or K) ratio by the extract type and encapsulating agent. Systems with pulp (PC and PK) allowed greater amount of extract incorporation, suggesting the mucilage contribution as encapsulating agent. The betalains (betacyanins and betaxanthins) encapsulation efficiency (EE) reached values about 98% for all the systems studied, without significant differences among the microparticle systems, revealing a high interaction betalain-polymer due to electrostatic interactions and/or hydrogen bond. The recovery (R) of betacyanins and betaxanthins was between 68.5 to 77.8 % and 79.2 to 100%, respectively, and over 62% yield. The betaxanthins and betacyanins degradation kinetics of microparticles obtained under optimum conditions during storage at 30, 45 and 60 °C was studied. Betalains followed pseudo-first order degradation kinetics in all temperatures and systems studied. The degradation rate constants of betaxanthinss and betacyanins were significantly higher in P-C system compared with P-K, UF-C and UF-K. No significant difference in the activation energy, enthalpy (ΔH≠) and entropy (ΔS≠) between the microparticles systems studied was observed. A linear relationship was obtained in the graph gráfico (ΔH≠) versus (ΔS≠) (R2=0.995), this compensation effect showed that there is a similar betalains degradation mechanism in all microparticles systems, being hydrolysis the main pathway. A dry mix for soft drinks was formulated with microparticles obtained under optimum conditions of each system studied, and the storage stability was evaluated at 30 °C. The microparticles obtained in this study could be applied as a colorant with antioxidant activity in the food industry for the formulation of instant products such as juices or soups, among others, due to its high stability and solubility in water...
Natural sources of red pigments are scarce, and betanin obtained from beetroot (Beta vulgaris) is commonly used in the food industry. Purple cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) is a source of betalains, which could be used as colorant for foods. Usually, the betalains are obtained by solvent extraction and are unstable to environmental factors (light, oxygen, temperature and water) losing its colorant and antioxidant capacity. In this context, membrane and encapsulation technologies appear as tools for obtaining and protecting, respectively, these pigments. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to stabilize a cactus pear betalains extract obtained by membrane technology, and cactus pear pulp, using microencapsulation techniques. Microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF), was used to obtain the purple cactus pear extract, assessing ceramic and polymeric membrane. The MF allowed clarifying the cactus pear pulp, obtaining better results with the ceramic membrane. UF extract corresponded to a clarified solution (without mucilage) with similar betalains content than cactus pear pulp, but with lower sugar content. UF extract and purple cactus pear pulp were encapsulated by spray drying using Capsul (C) and K4484 (K) as encapsulating agents, according to an experimental design (Central Composite Design (CCD) plus axial point) for each microparticles system studied (P-C, P-K, UF-C and UF-K). The inlet air temperature and the (P or UF)/encapsulating agent ratio showed significant effect on the encapsulation efficiency (EE), the betaxanthins and betacyanins recovery (R) and yield. The optimum condition of the drying temperature was dependent on the encapsulating agent, and the (P or UF)/(C or K) ratio by the extract type and encapsulating agent. Systems with pulp (PC and PK) allowed greater amount of extract incorporation, suggesting the mucilage contribution as encapsulating agent. The betalains (betacyanins and betaxanthins) encapsulation efficiency (EE) reached values about 98% for all the systems studied, without significant differences among the microparticle systems, revealing a high interaction betalain-polymer due to electrostatic interactions and/or hydrogen bond. The recovery (R) of betacyanins and betaxanthins was between 68.5 to 77.8 % and 79.2 to 100%, respectively, and over 62% yield. The betaxanthins and betacyanins degradation kinetics of microparticles obtained under optimum conditions during storage at 30, 45 and 60 °C was studied. Betalains followed pseudo-first order degradation kinetics in all temperatures and systems studied. The degradation rate constants of betaxanthinss and betacyanins were significantly higher in P-C system compared with P-K, UF-C and UF-K. No significant difference in the activation energy, enthalpy (ΔH≠) and entropy (ΔS≠) between the microparticles systems studied was observed. A linear relationship was obtained in the graph gráfico (ΔH≠) versus (ΔS≠) (R2=0.995), this compensation effect showed that there is a similar betalains degradation mechanism in all microparticles systems, being hydrolysis the main pathway. A dry mix for soft drinks was formulated with microparticles obtained under optimum conditions of each system studied, and the storage stability was evaluated at 30 °C. The microparticles obtained in this study could be applied as a colorant with antioxidant activity in the food industry for the formulation of instant products such as juices or soups, among others, due to its high stability and solubility in water...
Historias de la Universidad Azul
(Universidad de Chile, 2017)
el fin de recoger relatos, tradiciones e historias de cada una de estas unidades: ya sea por sus aportes al desarrollo del país, su participación en transformaciones y conflictos en la sociedad o importantes avances en la cultura y la investigación...
Proponer una adaptación "Project Management" a la etapa de construcción de proyectos de inversión pública y privada
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
, se propone un material de apoyo a los contratistas para llevar a cabo la eficiente administración y control en la etapa de construcción mediante el seguimiento e inspección de las actividades, presentando buenas prácticas que pueden aumentar las...
Asociación pública privada en infraestructura hospitalaria. El caso de Chile: Hospital de Maipú y la Florida
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
usuarios que los proyectos gestionados a través de MT. En cuanto a la satisfacción del personal de salud, estos se muestran satisfechos con el modelo concesionado respecto a la infraestructura que recibieron y a los servicios de mantención de...
Modelo de gestión de valor para unidades de emergencia
(Universidad de Chile, 2008)
actividades, el costeo basado en actividades
las restricciones, lean manufacturing
grupos clínicos ajustados.
en párrafos anteriores.
y Negocios
LEMA
sistema de salud chileno enunciadas
se identificó que el problema raíz es
El problema se agudiza aún...
: PRODUCTOS IDENTIFICADOS A.5: ASOCIACIÓN DE ACTIVIDADES A.6: INDUCTORES DE RECURSOS A.7: PROPUESTA DE INDUCTORES A.8: INDUCTORES DE ACTIVIDADES y Negocios ÍNDICE...
: PRODUCTOS IDENTIFICADOS A.5: ASOCIACIÓN DE ACTIVIDADES A.6: INDUCTORES DE RECURSOS A.7: PROPUESTA DE INDUCTORES A.8: INDUCTORES DE ACTIVIDADES y Negocios ÍNDICE...
Desarrollo de endulzantes no calóricos, de alta potencia y funcionales en base a calcio y fibra dietética soluble
(Universidad de Chile, 2012)
Las enfermedades crónicas relacionadas con una inadecuada alimentación
(sobrepeso, obesidad, diabetes, osteoporosis, hipertensión y problemas
cardiovasculares), representan uno de los principales problemas de salud en nuestro
país. Por ejemplo, el...
no transmisibles en el adulto, entre las cuales se identifican: enfermedades cardiovasculares, obesidad, cáncer, hipertensión arterial, diabetes, osteoporosis y anemia, entre otras. El estilo de vida relacionado con la alimentación y nutrición, constituye uno de...
no transmisibles en el adulto, entre las cuales se identifican: enfermedades cardiovasculares, obesidad, cáncer, hipertensión arterial, diabetes, osteoporosis y anemia, entre otras. El estilo de vida relacionado con la alimentación y nutrición, constituye uno de...