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La danza como entrenamiento expresivo para la natación artística
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
La presente investigación busca exponer la relación que existe entre la danza y la natación artística, toda vez que la disciplina artística ha sido utilizada para entrenar la expresividad en dicha práctica deportiva. El estudio se refiere a las...
Agua pasión
(Universidad de Chile, 2024)
, no se le vuelva a poner la misma atención a la escena acuática nacional. El punto anterior puede derivar en un problema para el desarrollo de este deporte en el país. En esa línea, Agua Pasión viene a llenar el vacío de información que hay en la natación...
Sertralina revierte diferencialmente sintomatología tipo depresiva inducida por estrés crónico en ratas hembra y macho
(Universidad de Chile, 2023)
) manejo frente a un escenario inescapable en la prueba de natación forzada. Cabe destacar que las pruebas conductuales fueron realizadas en la etapa estro del ciclo hormonal de las hembras, en la cual los bajos niveles de estradiol y progesterona permiten...
Major depression is a mental illness that affects approximately 5% of the world's population. In Chile prevalence rises to 6.2%, however, it is observed that it is approximately 5 times higher in women compared to men. Main symptoms of this pathology correspond to anhedonia and a depressed mood, changes in appetite and weight, insomnia-hypersomnia, agitation or psychomotor retardation, feelings of guilt and hopeless, inability to concentrate, memory alterations, ideations, and suicide attempts, among others. Interestingly, depressed women have a higher prevalence of increased appetite, fatigue, impaired interpersonal relationships, and insomnia, while depressed men more frequently show decreased appetite, psychomotor agitation, suicidal ideation, and increased risk to drug abuse. Although the exact etiology of depression is unknown, it has been reported that the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, mainly chronic exposure to stress, may triggering this pathology. At a physiological level, stress is an adaptive response triggered by threatening situations. It consists of a rapid autonomic neural response, followed by a neuroendocrine response mediated by adrenal glucocorticoid secretion. If these are inadequate and/or prolonged, they promote alterations of the central nervous system, and therefore mood and cognitive alterations. Current pharmacological therapy is based on the monoaminergic theory of depression, in which it is stated that this disease is caused due to a decrease in monoamine levels in the synaptic cleft, however, two thirds of patients do not respond to this therapy. Additionally, it has been reported that the latency time and the percentage of patients who present reversal of depressive symptoms have a gender-determined bias. However, to date the gender-specific effects of antidepressant treatments are unknown. These antecedents allow us to propose that: "The administration of sertraline differentially reverses the changes induced by chronic stress in depressive-like symptomatology in female and male rats." To demonstrate this hypothesis, two-month-old male and female rats were used, which were separated into a control group and a stressed group subjected to restraint stress for one week. Then, both cohorts were divided into two groups, one injected daily with the antidepressant sertraline and the other with vehicle solution for 14 days. Using this model, we evaluated the impact of sub-chronic and chronic exposure to stress on: i) anhedonic behavior using the sucrose preference test, ii) anxiety-like behavior using the open field test, iii) contextual memory using the object location and novel object recognition tests, iv) coping with an inescapable scenario in the forced swimming test. It should be noted that behavioral tests were carried out during the estrus phase of the female hormonal cycle, in which the low levels of estradiol and progesterone allow a more accurate comparison with the male results. Therefore, it was determined that stress produces specific effects according to sex. On the one hand, after two weeks of stress exposure, anhedonia and loss of spatial discrimination was observed; while after three weeks of exposure to stress there was an increase in the floating time in the forced swimming test are induced in males. In females, two weeks of stress exposure induce an improvement in spatial memory; however, after three weeks of exposure to it, this capacity deteriorates. Additionally, sertraline treatment also has shown to have gender-determined effects. Then, after two weeks of administration of this antidepressant, a partial reversal of anhedonia and a reversal of the decrease in swimming time induced by stress in the forced swimming test were observed in stressed males. In contrast, in stressed female rats sertraline induced an improvement in spatial memory, while it induced an increase in swimming time in the forced swim test, being independent of the stress condition...
Major depression is a mental illness that affects approximately 5% of the world's population. In Chile prevalence rises to 6.2%, however, it is observed that it is approximately 5 times higher in women compared to men. Main symptoms of this pathology correspond to anhedonia and a depressed mood, changes in appetite and weight, insomnia-hypersomnia, agitation or psychomotor retardation, feelings of guilt and hopeless, inability to concentrate, memory alterations, ideations, and suicide attempts, among others. Interestingly, depressed women have a higher prevalence of increased appetite, fatigue, impaired interpersonal relationships, and insomnia, while depressed men more frequently show decreased appetite, psychomotor agitation, suicidal ideation, and increased risk to drug abuse. Although the exact etiology of depression is unknown, it has been reported that the interaction between genetic and environmental factors, mainly chronic exposure to stress, may triggering this pathology. At a physiological level, stress is an adaptive response triggered by threatening situations. It consists of a rapid autonomic neural response, followed by a neuroendocrine response mediated by adrenal glucocorticoid secretion. If these are inadequate and/or prolonged, they promote alterations of the central nervous system, and therefore mood and cognitive alterations. Current pharmacological therapy is based on the monoaminergic theory of depression, in which it is stated that this disease is caused due to a decrease in monoamine levels in the synaptic cleft, however, two thirds of patients do not respond to this therapy. Additionally, it has been reported that the latency time and the percentage of patients who present reversal of depressive symptoms have a gender-determined bias. However, to date the gender-specific effects of antidepressant treatments are unknown. These antecedents allow us to propose that: "The administration of sertraline differentially reverses the changes induced by chronic stress in depressive-like symptomatology in female and male rats." To demonstrate this hypothesis, two-month-old male and female rats were used, which were separated into a control group and a stressed group subjected to restraint stress for one week. Then, both cohorts were divided into two groups, one injected daily with the antidepressant sertraline and the other with vehicle solution for 14 days. Using this model, we evaluated the impact of sub-chronic and chronic exposure to stress on: i) anhedonic behavior using the sucrose preference test, ii) anxiety-like behavior using the open field test, iii) contextual memory using the object location and novel object recognition tests, iv) coping with an inescapable scenario in the forced swimming test. It should be noted that behavioral tests were carried out during the estrus phase of the female hormonal cycle, in which the low levels of estradiol and progesterone allow a more accurate comparison with the male results. Therefore, it was determined that stress produces specific effects according to sex. On the one hand, after two weeks of stress exposure, anhedonia and loss of spatial discrimination was observed; while after three weeks of exposure to stress there was an increase in the floating time in the forced swimming test are induced in males. In females, two weeks of stress exposure induce an improvement in spatial memory; however, after three weeks of exposure to it, this capacity deteriorates. Additionally, sertraline treatment also has shown to have gender-determined effects. Then, after two weeks of administration of this antidepressant, a partial reversal of anhedonia and a reversal of the decrease in swimming time induced by stress in the forced swimming test were observed in stressed males. In contrast, in stressed female rats sertraline induced an improvement in spatial memory, while it induced an increase in swimming time in the forced swim test, being independent of the stress condition...
Indoor swimming for 2.5 Km decreases nitrite and pH in exhaled breath condensate
(RedIRIS, 2020)
H in exhaled breath
condensate.
KEYWORDS: swimming, oxidative damage, exhaled breath condensate
RESUMEN
OBJETIVO: determinar el efecto de una prueba aeróbica de natación en piscina
clorada indoor sobre la concentración de NO2-, H2O2 y el pH en el...
relacionaron con los cambios absolutos p=0.0002, p=0.047 y con el volumen de entrenamiento p=0.017, p=0.077 para NO2- y H2O2 respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: la natación en piscina clorada disminuye la concentración de NO2- y el pH en el condensado del aire...
relacionaron con los cambios absolutos p=0.0002, p=0.047 y con el volumen de entrenamiento p=0.017, p=0.077 para NO2- y H2O2 respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: la natación en piscina clorada disminuye la concentración de NO2- y el pH en el condensado del aire...
Elementos facilitadores y agentes obstaculizadores para la práctica de la natación competitiva en adultos mayores
(Universidad de Chile, 2014-08)
El objetivo de esta investigación apunta a describir los elementos facilitadores y los elementos obstaculizadores que existen para la práctica de la natación competitiva en la tercera edad. Su importancia radica en que en los últimos años se ha...
Estructura poblacional y diversidad genética de calamares con historia de vida contrastantes en el sistema de corrientes de Humboldt
(Universidad de Chile., 2010)
caracterizan por estrategias de historia de vida contrastante; así las características diferenciales entre estos calamares son del desove bentónico y menor capacidad de natación...
Complejo deportivo Universidad de Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2006)
El tema surge por un interés personal
por el deporte en general y la actividad física
recreativa, en particular por la natación y la
experiencia vivida durante mí practica en la
piscina escolar de la Universidad de Chile.
Entendiéndolo como parte...
Alteración de la expresión de il-6 en respuesta al ejercicio en la insuficiencia renal crónica experimental
(Universidad de Chile, 2011)
natación, el mRNA de IL-6 de las ratas sham incrementó 85,7 ± 50,3 veces y 7,6 ± 2,7 veces en las ratas NPX. Sin embargo, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en la abundancia basal del mRNA de IL-6. Las mayores alteraciones en la regulación de la...
Chronic renal failure (CRF) induces a series of metabolic alterations in the skeletal muscle, muscular weakness and decreased exercise endurance. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that is produced in the skeletal muscle and it is induced by exercise through two pathways: one activated by muscle depolarization and the other, via IL-6 positive feedback. It has been postulated that IL-6 is an energy sensor, with autocrine effects in muscle metabolism. Several studies have shown that basal expression of IL-6 is impaired in CRF, but whether CRF affects the response to exercise, is still unknown. The number of muscle disorders described in CRF allowed proposing the following hypothesis: "the regulation of IL-6 expression in response to exercise is altered in experimental CRF”. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given 5/6 nephrectomy (NPX) and paired by weight and food to controls (placebo surgery, sham). The response to exercise was evaluated in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus by two protocols: in situ electrical stimulation through the sciatic nerve or after swimming. At the end of the protocols, EDL and soleus muscles were dissected for mRNA and protein evaluation. The largest differences were observed in the EDL. After in situ stimulation, IL-6 mRNA increased 85.4 ± 8.0 fold in the sham rats and only 22.7 ± 5.5 in NPX rats. Upon swimming, the IL-6 mRNA of sham was increased 85.7 ± 50.3 fold and 7.6 ± 2.7 fold in the NPX rats. However, there were no significant differences in basal mRNA abundance of IL-6. The major alterations in the regulation of IL-6 expression were observed in the IL-6/IL-6R-gp130/JAK2 pathway. NPX rats showed no alterations in the IL-6 receptors mRNA, however, the total expression of JAK2 was decreased by 37.08% compared to controls. This alteration was associated with low activation downstream of JAK2, decreased p-STAT3 and reduced expression of SOCS3 mRNA. Part of the metabolic effects of IL-6 is mediated by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Basal levels of p-AMPK were reduced by 45.48% of control; this difference also present (by 39.01%) after swimming. These results show, for the first time, an impaired induction of IL-6 mRNA in response to exercise, caused by skeletal muscle resistance to this cytokine, which may be responsible of the reduced exercise performance in the CRF...
Chronic renal failure (CRF) induces a series of metabolic alterations in the skeletal muscle, muscular weakness and decreased exercise endurance. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that is produced in the skeletal muscle and it is induced by exercise through two pathways: one activated by muscle depolarization and the other, via IL-6 positive feedback. It has been postulated that IL-6 is an energy sensor, with autocrine effects in muscle metabolism. Several studies have shown that basal expression of IL-6 is impaired in CRF, but whether CRF affects the response to exercise, is still unknown. The number of muscle disorders described in CRF allowed proposing the following hypothesis: "the regulation of IL-6 expression in response to exercise is altered in experimental CRF”. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were given 5/6 nephrectomy (NPX) and paired by weight and food to controls (placebo surgery, sham). The response to exercise was evaluated in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus by two protocols: in situ electrical stimulation through the sciatic nerve or after swimming. At the end of the protocols, EDL and soleus muscles were dissected for mRNA and protein evaluation. The largest differences were observed in the EDL. After in situ stimulation, IL-6 mRNA increased 85.4 ± 8.0 fold in the sham rats and only 22.7 ± 5.5 in NPX rats. Upon swimming, the IL-6 mRNA of sham was increased 85.7 ± 50.3 fold and 7.6 ± 2.7 fold in the NPX rats. However, there were no significant differences in basal mRNA abundance of IL-6. The major alterations in the regulation of IL-6 expression were observed in the IL-6/IL-6R-gp130/JAK2 pathway. NPX rats showed no alterations in the IL-6 receptors mRNA, however, the total expression of JAK2 was decreased by 37.08% compared to controls. This alteration was associated with low activation downstream of JAK2, decreased p-STAT3 and reduced expression of SOCS3 mRNA. Part of the metabolic effects of IL-6 is mediated by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Basal levels of p-AMPK were reduced by 45.48% of control; this difference also present (by 39.01%) after swimming. These results show, for the first time, an impaired induction of IL-6 mRNA in response to exercise, caused by skeletal muscle resistance to this cytokine, which may be responsible of the reduced exercise performance in the CRF...
Construcción de Identidad en adolescentes nadadoras de nivel competitivo y su relación con los significados asociados al compromiso deportivo
(Universidad de Chile, 2012-01-13)
en su construcción de identidad. Para ello se recurrió al uso de autobiografías y entrevistas semi-estructuradas, las que posteriormente fueron sometidas a análisis de contenido. Se concluyó que; la práctica deportiva de natación a nivel competitivo...
Centro acuático internacional de Chile: rehabilitación urbana del Estadio Nacional
(Universidad de ChilePrograma Cybertesis, 2006)
.
Del total de 43 disciplinas correspondientes a federaciones olímpicas, hay algunas como la
natación que no tiene donde practicarse.
En Chile no existen los recintos deportivos cubiertos necesarios, para la practica de los
deportes acuáticos en...
nuevos requisitos de la FINA (Federación Internacional de Natación Amateurs) De esta forma mi proyecto de titulo será el desarrollo del «CENTRO ACUATICO INTERNACIONAL DE CHILE», en cual se desarrollaran deportes como natación, nado sincronizado...
nuevos requisitos de la FINA (Federación Internacional de Natación Amateurs) De esta forma mi proyecto de titulo será el desarrollo del «CENTRO ACUATICO INTERNACIONAL DE CHILE», en cual se desarrollaran deportes como natación, nado sincronizado...