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Comparación de la producción morfosintáctica de oraciones entre niños con tel y desarrollo típico del lenguaje, preescolares y escolares
(Universidad de Chile, 2012)
El TEL es un cuadro importante en la población infantil chilena el cual presenta una prevalencia de un 4% entre niños de 3 y 7 años. La mayor parte de los niños asiste a escuelas de lenguaje o a escuelas regulares con Proyectos de Integración, donde...
Specific language impairment (SLI) is an important profile for Chilean child population. It has a 4% of prevalence in children between 3 and 7 years of age, who must attend speech therapy schools or regular schools with programs of integration, to begin formal learning of literacy. Consequently, the general aim of this investigation is to study the grammatical performance to produce sentences, according to complexity and grammaticality in pre-school and school age children with SLI and TLD (Typical Language Development). The population used in this investigation consists in 47 pre-school and school children with SLI and TLD. It was evaluated the grammatical performance by using corpus linguistics analysis, obtained from the narration of the three stories of the method EDNA. In the linguistic corpus, it was identified total of sentences, simple and complex sentences; total ungrammatical sentences and simple and complex ungrammatical sentences. The results shows that, in a morphosyntactic level, children with TLD have an evolution evidenced in a better performance, in regard to complexity and grammatical sentences, wich is not statically significant. On the other hand, in children with TEL, sentencel complexity improves with schooling, but not with ungrammatical sentences. Finally, it is concluded that ungrammaticality is a proper characteristic of SLI that does not evolve with schooling....
Specific language impairment (SLI) is an important profile for Chilean child population. It has a 4% of prevalence in children between 3 and 7 years of age, who must attend speech therapy schools or regular schools with programs of integration, to begin formal learning of literacy. Consequently, the general aim of this investigation is to study the grammatical performance to produce sentences, according to complexity and grammaticality in pre-school and school age children with SLI and TLD (Typical Language Development). The population used in this investigation consists in 47 pre-school and school children with SLI and TLD. It was evaluated the grammatical performance by using corpus linguistics analysis, obtained from the narration of the three stories of the method EDNA. In the linguistic corpus, it was identified total of sentences, simple and complex sentences; total ungrammatical sentences and simple and complex ungrammatical sentences. The results shows that, in a morphosyntactic level, children with TLD have an evolution evidenced in a better performance, in regard to complexity and grammatical sentences, wich is not statically significant. On the other hand, in children with TEL, sentencel complexity improves with schooling, but not with ungrammatical sentences. Finally, it is concluded that ungrammaticality is a proper characteristic of SLI that does not evolve with schooling....
Precursores de lectura en un grupo de preescolares de kinder con tel
(Universidad de Chile, 2013)
lenguaje (DTL). Se trabajó con 30 preescolares, 15 de
ellos con TEL y los 15 restantes sin TEL. Todos ellos cursaban kinder en escuelas con proyectos de
integración, pertenecientes a tres comunas de Santiago, en la Región Metropolitana de Chile. Se les...
decodificación y de la comprensión lectora”, se encuentra desarrollado este seminario. Esta investigación busca caracterizar y comparar todos los precursores de lectura en preescolares entre el grupo de estudio (niños con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje) y el...
decodificación y de la comprensión lectora”, se encuentra desarrollado este seminario. Esta investigación busca caracterizar y comparar todos los precursores de lectura en preescolares entre el grupo de estudio (niños con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje) y el...
Comprensión lectora en trastorno específico del lenguaje. Su relación con la comprensión narrativa, inferencias, léxico y decodificación
(Universidad de Chile, 2014)
, los objetivos de esta investigación son: (1) Establecer la existencia de una asociación entre comprensión oral y comprensión lectora; y decodificación con comprensión lectora, tanto en niños con TEL como en niños DTL. (2) Comparar la asociación de la...
Children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) may have several difficulties in reading comprehension. However, there is still in debate the extent to which language skills and decoding are associated with this. Therefore, the objectives of this research are: (1) establish the existence of an association between oral and reading comprehension; decoding and reading comprehension in children with SLI and children with TLD. (2) Compare the association of reading comprehension established in relation to the decoding and oral comprehension between groups with SLI and TLD. The sample consisted of 25 children (12 with SLI and 13 TLD) who were in first grade and enrolled in schools with an Integration Project in Santiago. Reading comprehension, decoding and language skills of oral comprehension (narrative comprehension, inference and vocabulary) were evaluated. The results showed that children with SLI had a significantly lower performance than the ones with TLD in all the evaluated skills. In addition, we observed that in both groups (SLI and TLD) only decoding was significantly associated with reading comprehension. Finally, three types of readers profiles are proposed in children with SLI, considering their heterogeneous performance. We conclude that children with SLI correspond to a risk group reader, for which it is necessary to generate guidelines for intervention in order to reduce their difficulties at scholar age....
Children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) may have several difficulties in reading comprehension. However, there is still in debate the extent to which language skills and decoding are associated with this. Therefore, the objectives of this research are: (1) establish the existence of an association between oral and reading comprehension; decoding and reading comprehension in children with SLI and children with TLD. (2) Compare the association of reading comprehension established in relation to the decoding and oral comprehension between groups with SLI and TLD. The sample consisted of 25 children (12 with SLI and 13 TLD) who were in first grade and enrolled in schools with an Integration Project in Santiago. Reading comprehension, decoding and language skills of oral comprehension (narrative comprehension, inference and vocabulary) were evaluated. The results showed that children with SLI had a significantly lower performance than the ones with TLD in all the evaluated skills. In addition, we observed that in both groups (SLI and TLD) only decoding was significantly associated with reading comprehension. Finally, three types of readers profiles are proposed in children with SLI, considering their heterogeneous performance. We conclude that children with SLI correspond to a risk group reader, for which it is necessary to generate guidelines for intervention in order to reduce their difficulties at scholar age....
Lingüística aplicada a los trastornos del lenguaje
(Universidad de Chile, 1998)
Se presenta una introducción a la problemática de la lingüística aplicada a los trastornos del lenguaje. El tema se desarrolla considerando tres aspectos fundamentales. En primer término, se comenta el enfoque diferente que implica aplicar la...
Diseño de plan de detección universal de problemas auditivos en escolares y preescolares
(Universidad de Chile, 2019)
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE
FACULTAD DE MEDICINA
ESCUELA DE SALUD PÚBLICA
“DISEÑO DE PLAN DE DETECCIÓN UNIVERSAL DE
PROBLEMAS AUDITIVOS EN ESCOLARES Y
PREESCOLARES"
GONZALO CUELLAR MUÑOZ...
protocolo de detección universal de problemas auditivos en escolares y preescolares .................................................................................... 39 ESQUEMA PLAN DE DETECCIÓN UNIVERSAL DE PROBLEMAS AUDITIVOS ............. 50 TABLA...
protocolo de detección universal de problemas auditivos en escolares y preescolares .................................................................................... 39 ESQUEMA PLAN DE DETECCIÓN UNIVERSAL DE PROBLEMAS AUDITIVOS ............. 50 TABLA...
Manejo de palabras funcionales en preescolares chilenos con trastorno específico de lenguaje
(Universidad de Chile, 2015)
El propósito del estudio es contribuir a caracterizar el uso de palabras funcionales en niños chilenos con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL). Participaron 24 niños monolingües hispanohablantes de 4;0-5;11 años, divididos equitativamente en dos...
The purpose of the present study is to contribute on the characterization of the use of function words of Chilean children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI). Twenty-four monolingual Spanish-speaking children participated in this study, ranging from ages 4;0-5;11 years old, divided equitably into two groups: 1) SLI and 2) Typical Language Development (TLD) paired by age (+/- 4 months). Both groups were assessed regarding narration, completion and elicitation, and repetition tasks in order to learn about their use of function words, specifically, articles, clitics and prepositions. The descriptive analysis on the results were expressed as percentages and it showed that for the total score of the use of function words group 1 had a 77,8% and group 2 a 85,3%. In articles, group 1 had a 78,3% and group 2 a 85,2%. In clitics, group 1 had a 73,3% and group 2 a 100%. Lastly, in prepositions, group 1 had a 81,4% and group 2 a 89,7%. On the other hand, the comparative analysis of scores in both groups of children showed a significant difference in the total score of correct use of function words, in articles, and in prepositions, where the SLI group had a lower performance (having a great effect measure). In clitics, SLI group had a lower performance than TLD group, but this difference is not significant, however, it had a great effect measure, and this could imply that the difference would possibly be significant if the sample was bigger....
The purpose of the present study is to contribute on the characterization of the use of function words of Chilean children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI). Twenty-four monolingual Spanish-speaking children participated in this study, ranging from ages 4;0-5;11 years old, divided equitably into two groups: 1) SLI and 2) Typical Language Development (TLD) paired by age (+/- 4 months). Both groups were assessed regarding narration, completion and elicitation, and repetition tasks in order to learn about their use of function words, specifically, articles, clitics and prepositions. The descriptive analysis on the results were expressed as percentages and it showed that for the total score of the use of function words group 1 had a 77,8% and group 2 a 85,3%. In articles, group 1 had a 78,3% and group 2 a 85,2%. In clitics, group 1 had a 73,3% and group 2 a 100%. Lastly, in prepositions, group 1 had a 81,4% and group 2 a 89,7%. On the other hand, the comparative analysis of scores in both groups of children showed a significant difference in the total score of correct use of function words, in articles, and in prepositions, where the SLI group had a lower performance (having a great effect measure). In clitics, SLI group had a lower performance than TLD group, but this difference is not significant, however, it had a great effect measure, and this could imply that the difference would possibly be significant if the sample was bigger....
Asociación entre calidad de vida relacionada con salud oral y caries dental en niños de 5 años que asisten a educación parvularia en la Región Metropolitana, medida de ECOHIS
(Universidad de Chile, 2017)
calidad de vida de la población (Marró y cols., 2013).
Los niños preescolares pueden presentar varios problemas de salud oral,
como enfermedad de caries, gingivitis, traumatismos dentoalveolares, lesiones de
la mucosa, anomalías dentomaxilares, entre...
2003). La información epidemiológica en nuestro país también sugiere que el principal problema de salud oral en este grupo etáreo corresponde a la caries dental. Desde el 2007, el Ministerio de Salud menciona que en la RM la prevalencia de caries...
2003). La información epidemiológica en nuestro país también sugiere que el principal problema de salud oral en este grupo etáreo corresponde a la caries dental. Desde el 2007, el Ministerio de Salud menciona que en la RM la prevalencia de caries...
Validación de un cuestionario para evaluar el riesgo de caries en preescolares de 24 a 71 meses de edad de la Región Metropolitana
(Universidad de Chile, 2015)
PREESCOLARES DE 24 A 71 MESES DE EDAD DE LA
REGIÓN METROPOLITANA.
Yuliana Margarita Candiales de Castillo
TRABAJO DE INVESTIGACIÓN
REQUISITO PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE
MAGÍSTER EN CIENCIAS ODONTOLÓGICAS
TUTOR PRINCIPAL...
el proyecto PRI- ODO Nº 12/009 : “Evaluación del riesgo de caries en preescolares de Santiago de Chile: Estudio de Factores socio-conductuales y biológicos”, presentado por la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Chile...
el proyecto PRI- ODO Nº 12/009 : “Evaluación del riesgo de caries en preescolares de Santiago de Chile: Estudio de Factores socio-conductuales y biológicos”, presentado por la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Chile...
Funcionamiento Neuropsicológico y Recuerdo episódico en Pre-Escolares chilenos: Un estudio exploratorio descriptivo
(Universidad de Chile, 2012-06-09)
,
hiperactividad y/o déficit lenguaje (Urzúa et col, 2009) en la etapa
preescolar, pudiera guardar asociación con una pérdida de vista de elementos
propios a la diversidad tales como la variabilidad de los seres humanos
producto de su potencial biológico y...
Cuestionario para padres Anamnesis N°3 Protocolo Exposición Estimulo Artificial N°4 Consentimiento para padres y asentimiento para niños N°5 CD, grabación de relato libre en los niños. Funcionamiento neuropsicológico y recuerdo episódico en pre-escolares...
Cuestionario para padres Anamnesis N°3 Protocolo Exposición Estimulo Artificial N°4 Consentimiento para padres y asentimiento para niños N°5 CD, grabación de relato libre en los niños. Funcionamiento neuropsicológico y recuerdo episódico en pre-escolares...
Alta prevalencia de trastorno específico de lenguaje en isla Robinson Crusoe y probable efecto fundador
(SOC MEDICA SANTIAGO, 2008-02)
severas, en las que se
ven afectados todos los niveles (fonológico, se-
mántico, morfosintáctico y pragmático) de forma
variable, en las dimensiones expresivas y com-
prensivas del lenguaje oral3,8-11.
Si este problema no es detectado y tratado a
tiempo...
para descartar otras patologías de base. • Evaluación de inteligencia no verbal33. • Screening auditivo34. • Evaluación de comprensión y expresión del lenguaje oral, en aspectos fonológico y morfo- sintáctico, mediante pruebas que cuentan con normas de...
para descartar otras patologías de base. • Evaluación de inteligencia no verbal33. • Screening auditivo34. • Evaluación de comprensión y expresión del lenguaje oral, en aspectos fonológico y morfo- sintáctico, mediante pruebas que cuentan con normas de...