Orchid phylogenomics and multiple drivers of their extraordinary diversification
Author
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Givnish, Thomas J.
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Spalink, Daniel
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Ames, Mercedes
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Lyon, Stephanie P.
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Hunter, Steven J.
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Zuluaga, Alejandro
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Iles, William J. D.
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Clements, Mark A.
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Arroyo, Mary T. K.
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Leebens Mack, James
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Endara, Lorena
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Kriebel, Ricardo
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Neubig, Kurt M.
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Whitten, W. Mark
Author
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Williams, Norris H.
Author
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Cameron, Kenneth M.
Admission date
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2016-05-09T19:54:27Z
Available date
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2016-05-09T19:54:27Z
Publication date
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2015
Cita de ítem
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Proceeding of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences Volumen: 282 Número: 1814 Páginas: 171-180 (2015)
en_US
Identifier
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DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1553
Identifier
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https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/138216
General note
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Artículo de publicación ISI
en_US
Abstract
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Orchids are the most diverse family of angiosperms, with over 25 000 species, more than mammals, birds and reptiles combined. Tests of hypotheses to account for such diversity have been stymied by the lack of a fully resolved broad-scale phylogeny. Here, we provide such a phylogeny, based on 75 chloroplast genes for 39 species representing all orchid subfamilies and 16 of 17 tribes, time-calibrated against 17 angiosperm fossils. A supermatrix analysis places an additional 144 species based on three plastid genes. Orchids appear to have arisen roughly 112 million years ago (Mya); the subfamilies Orchidoideae and Epidendroideae diverged from each other at the end of the Cretaceous; and the eight tribes and three previously unplaced subtribes of the upper epidendroids diverged rapidly from each other between 37.9 and 30.8 Mya. Orchids appear to have undergone one significant acceleration of net species diversification in the orchidoids, and two accelerations and one deceleration in the upper epidendroids. Consistent with theory, such accelerations were correlated with the evolution of pollinia, the epiphytic habit, CAM photosynthesis, tropical distribution (especially in extensive cordilleras), and pollination via Lepidoptera or euglossine bees. Deceit pollination appears to have elevated the number of orchid species by one-half but not via acceleration of the rate of net diversification. The highest rate of net species diversification within the orchids (0.382 sp sp 1 My-1) is 6.8 times that at the Asparagales crown.
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Patrocinador
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NSF Assembling the Tree of Life (AToL) Program
DEB-0830836
ICM P02-005