Altered Angiogenic Growth Factors in Urine of Prostate Cancer Survivors With Radiation History and Radiation Cystitis

Abstract

© 2018 Elsevier Inc. Objective: To determine if the vascular damage in bladders of prostate cancer (PCa) survivors with radiation cystitis can be detected through altered angiogenic growth factors in urine. Methods: Urine samples from PCa survivors with a history of external beam radiation therapy were tested for a panel of angiogenic growth factors by Luminex assay. Urine creatinine levels were measured through high performance liquid chromatography. Through a patient survey, data on patient demographics, radiation history, and urinary symptoms were collected. Results: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), placental growth factor (PlGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were altered in urine of PCa survivors with a history of radiation therapy. HGF and PlGF were elevated in response to irradiation, while VEGF had a decreasing trend. Within the irradiated population, HGF was also increased in patients diagnosed with radiation cystitis and patients with hematuria. PlGF and VEGF w