Efficacy of a high-iron dietary intervention in women with celiac disease and iron deficiency without anemia: a clinical trial
Author
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Scricciolo, Alice
Author
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Elli, Luca
Author
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Doneda, Luisa
Author
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Bascuñán Gamboa, Karla
Author
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Branchi, Federica
Author
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Ferretti, Francesca
Author
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Vecchi, Marurizio
Author
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Roncoroni, Leda
Admission date
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2020-11-17T19:06:37Z
Available date
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2020-11-17T19:06:37Z
Publication date
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2020
Cita de ítem
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Nutrients 2020, 12, 2122
es_ES
Identifier
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10.3390/nu12072122
Identifier
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https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/177770
Abstract
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Background and Aim. Iron deficiency without anemia (IDWA) is a common finding in celiac disease (CD) and can also persist in case of good compliance and clinical response to a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). This scenario usually presents in CD women of child-bearing age in whom the imbalance between menstrual iron loss and inadequate iron intake from their diet plays the major role. A recommended approach to this condition is yet to be established. This study aimed to compare, in this subset of patients, the efficacy of a dietary approach consisting of an iron-rich diet against the traditional pharmacological oral-replacement therapy. Material and Methods. Between February and December 2016, consecutive CD female patients of child-bearing age as referred to our outpatient center with evidence of IDWA (ferritin <15 ng/mL or 15-20 ng/L with transferrin saturation <15%) were enrolled. After the completion of a 7-day weighed food intake recording to assess the usual iron dietary intake, the patients were randomized in two arms to receive a 12-week iron-rich diet (iron intake >20 mg/die) versus oral iron supplementation with ferrous sulfate (FS) (105 mg/day). Blood tests and dietary assessments were repeated at the end of treatment. The degree of compliance and tolerability to the treatments were assessed every month by means of specific questionnaires and symptoms evaluation. Results. A total of 22 women were enrolled and divided in the diet group (n= 10, age 37 +/- 8 years) and in the FS group (n= 12, age 38 +/- 10 years). The food intake records demonstrated an inadequate daily intake of iron in all the enrolled subjects. At the end of the treatments, ferritin levels were higher in the FS group (8.5 (5) versus 34 (30.8),p= 0.002). Compliance and tolerability were similar in both treatment groups (89% versus 87%,p= ns). Conclusions. These findings did not support any equivalent efficacy of an iron-rich diet compared to a FS supplementation in non-anemic iron-deficient women affected by CD. However, the diet appeared a well-tolerated approach, and adequate dietary instructions could effectively increase the daily iron consumption, suggesting a role in the long-term management of IDWA, especially in patients who do not tolerate pharmacological supplementation.
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Patrocinador
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Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda
Italy's Ministry of Health and Lombardy's Regional Government Authority (Ministero della Salute e Regione Lombardia)
2011-02348234
Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy