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Frecuencia de enfermedades sistémicas y consumo de fármacos en pacientes con desórdenes potencialmente malignos orales y carcinoma oral de células escamosas atendidos en la clínica de medicina oral de la Universidad de Chile, entre los años 2005-2019
(Universidad de Chile, 2021)
atendidos en el período comprendido, de estos
un 10% fue diagnosticado con algún DPMO y un 2% con COCE/CV. El Liquen Plano
Oral (LPO), Leucoplasia (LO) y COCE fueron los más frecuentes. 70,3% presentó
comorbilidades sistémicas, siendo la hipertensión...
Cirugía bariátrica en el contexto de la biomedicina y conceptualización de la obesidad mórbida en el sistema público de salud
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
tratamientos han fracasado, su principal objetivo es la baja de peso, ya que con ello se puede corregir el riesgo asociado de las comorbilidades tales como, dislipidemias, hipertensión, diabetes, insulinoresistencia, etc. Como metodología se utiliza un enfoque...
Efecto del tratamiento periodontal en la calidad de vida relacionada con salud oral en pacientes con Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos en el programa de salud cardiovascular. Estudio piloto
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
versus aquellos ≥ 70 años (10 y 3.5 puntos respectivamente), lo cual no
se mantiene a los 3 meses puesto que esta relación se reduce. No se observaron
diferencias intergrupales por sexo, hipertensión, prótesis dental removible, HbA1c,
tabaco y número de...
Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles y el efecto protector de la Cohesión Social en Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
solidaridad y
cooperación social. Las enfermedades consideradas son principalmente Hipertensión y
Diabetes, siendo las más prevalentes y además biomarcadores de riesgo en la aparición de otras
enfermedades. Además se incluyen algunas de las causantes de mayor...
Caracterización epidemiológica y demográfica de personas mayores portadoras de prótesis removible con diagnóstico clínico de estomatitis subprotésica, usuarias de atención primaria de salud, comuna de Recoleta
(Universidad de Chile, 2024)
estomatitis
subprotésica alcanzó una prevalencia del 54%, con mayor severidad en grado 1.
La hipertensión arterial, la artritis/artrosis, la diabetes mellitus y la
hipercolesterolemia, fueron las enfermedades crónicas más prevalentes.
Conclusiones: El perfil...
Caracterización de la terapia inmunosupresora de pacientes en seguimiento post-trasplante hepático en un hospital universitario
(Universidad de Chile, 2023)
hipertensión arterial, un 22% por enfermedad renal crónica y un 14% por diabetes mellitus 2.
En conclusión, en esta cohorte de pacientes, las dosis de tacrolimus y micofenolato destacaron como las más relevantes respecto a la prevención de eventos de rechazo...
Orthotopic liver transplantation is a procedure in which a recipient patient requires a functional liver. One of the most relevant complications is the loss of the new organ due to rejection. Immunosuppressants are administered to reduce the occurrence of this event. The aim of this study was to characterize immunosuppressive therapy and investigate its relationship with the occurrence of rejection episodes, as well as to characterize de novo diseases within the first-year post-transplantation. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Clinical Hospital of the University of Chile, analyzing medical records of 59 patients transplanted between August 2019 and August 2022. Their history was followed up to one year after the procedure, considering the 1st, 2nd, 6th, 9th, and 12th months post-transplantation. Sociodemographic, clinical, immunosuppressive therapy, and organ rejection data were collected. Categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test, while quantitative variables were analyzed using the t-Student test (normal distribution) or the Wilcoxon test (non-normal distribution). Univariate and multivariate analyses, adjusted for sex and age, were conducted to identify factors associated with rejection. Results showed that 44% of patients experienced at least one rejection episode, with 38% confirmed by graft biopsy and 62% by clinical diagnosis. Pre-transplant variables such as sex, age, health insurance, BMI, substance use, comorbidities, and etiology of liver damage did not show a significant relationship with rejection development. Severity scores of damages, MELD-Na, and Child-Pugh also did not exhibit a significant association. Regarding immunosuppressive drugs in the first month, methylprednisolone and basiliximab did not have statistical significance concerning rejection development. Conversely, prednisone, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate exhibited significance in both cumulative dosage and days of use. However, in the clinical context of the study, only drugs with significant average daily doses (tacrolimus and mycophenolate) were used for multivariate analysis. Of these, only tacrolimus emerged as a significant protective factor against rejection (OR:0,38, I.C 95%: [0,19;0,76], p=0,006). For the remaining months, the trend of therapies for patients without rejection was characterized. All medications (except mycophenolate) decreased their cumulative doses as the year progressed post-transplantation. Secondary outcomes of the study revealed a prevalence of de novo diseases at 24%, with 64% attributed to arterial hypertension, 22% to chronic kidney disease, and 14% to type 2 diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, in this patient cohort, tacrolimus and mycophenolate dosages emerged as the most relevant in preventing rejection events, especially tacrolimus, which proved to be a statistically significant protective factor. Additionally, therapy was associated with the occurrence of de novo diseases, with arterial hypertension being the most prevalent in the studied population....
Orthotopic liver transplantation is a procedure in which a recipient patient requires a functional liver. One of the most relevant complications is the loss of the new organ due to rejection. Immunosuppressants are administered to reduce the occurrence of this event. The aim of this study was to characterize immunosuppressive therapy and investigate its relationship with the occurrence of rejection episodes, as well as to characterize de novo diseases within the first-year post-transplantation. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Clinical Hospital of the University of Chile, analyzing medical records of 59 patients transplanted between August 2019 and August 2022. Their history was followed up to one year after the procedure, considering the 1st, 2nd, 6th, 9th, and 12th months post-transplantation. Sociodemographic, clinical, immunosuppressive therapy, and organ rejection data were collected. Categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test, while quantitative variables were analyzed using the t-Student test (normal distribution) or the Wilcoxon test (non-normal distribution). Univariate and multivariate analyses, adjusted for sex and age, were conducted to identify factors associated with rejection. Results showed that 44% of patients experienced at least one rejection episode, with 38% confirmed by graft biopsy and 62% by clinical diagnosis. Pre-transplant variables such as sex, age, health insurance, BMI, substance use, comorbidities, and etiology of liver damage did not show a significant relationship with rejection development. Severity scores of damages, MELD-Na, and Child-Pugh also did not exhibit a significant association. Regarding immunosuppressive drugs in the first month, methylprednisolone and basiliximab did not have statistical significance concerning rejection development. Conversely, prednisone, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate exhibited significance in both cumulative dosage and days of use. However, in the clinical context of the study, only drugs with significant average daily doses (tacrolimus and mycophenolate) were used for multivariate analysis. Of these, only tacrolimus emerged as a significant protective factor against rejection (OR:0,38, I.C 95%: [0,19;0,76], p=0,006). For the remaining months, the trend of therapies for patients without rejection was characterized. All medications (except mycophenolate) decreased their cumulative doses as the year progressed post-transplantation. Secondary outcomes of the study revealed a prevalence of de novo diseases at 24%, with 64% attributed to arterial hypertension, 22% to chronic kidney disease, and 14% to type 2 diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, in this patient cohort, tacrolimus and mycophenolate dosages emerged as the most relevant in preventing rejection events, especially tacrolimus, which proved to be a statistically significant protective factor. Additionally, therapy was associated with the occurrence of de novo diseases, with arterial hypertension being the most prevalent in the studied population....
Evaluación del Efecto de un Programa de Relajación Muscular Progresivo sobre Factores de Riesgo Cardiovascular de Adultos Mayores Hipertensos
(Universidad de Chile, 2012-04-03)
la vejez 18
1.5.1.3.- Cambios a nivel físico en la vejez 18
2.- SALUD EN EL ADULTO MAYOR 20
2.1.- Principales Patologías en el Adulto Mayor 22
2.1.1.- Hipertensión Arterial 25
2.1.1.1- Definición 25
2.1.1.2.- Fisiopatología de la Hipertensión 26
2...
.1.1.3.- Clasificación 27 2.1.1.4.- Prevalencia 29 2.1.1.5.- Consecuencias de la Hipertensión Arterial en el Organismo 30 2.1.1.6.- Hipertensión Arterial y Envejecimiento 31 2.1.1.7.- Tratamiento Tradicional para la Hipertensión Arterial 32 2.1.2.- Frecuencia Cardiaca...
.1.1.3.- Clasificación 27 2.1.1.4.- Prevalencia 29 2.1.1.5.- Consecuencias de la Hipertensión Arterial en el Organismo 30 2.1.1.6.- Hipertensión Arterial y Envejecimiento 31 2.1.1.7.- Tratamiento Tradicional para la Hipertensión Arterial 32 2.1.2.- Frecuencia Cardiaca...
Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de 150 registros de caninos y felinos sometidos a ecocardiografía
(Universidad de Chile, 2004)
izquierda concéntrica 18.2% (2/11), la que se generó en forma secundaria a hipertensión. El resto de los individuos, 91.4% (137/150) correspondieron a población canina: 13 cachorros, 52 adultos y 72 seniles; 78 machos y 59 hembras; 104 de ellos eran perros...
Efecto de melatonina y hemina como tratamiento antioxidante y antirremodelante para la hipertensión pulmonar en neonatos de oveja gestados en hipoxia crónica
(Universidad de Chile, 2019)
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUIMICAS Y FARMACEUTICAS
EFECTO DE MELATONINA Y HEMINA COMO TRATAMIENTO
ANTIOXIDANTE Y ANTIRREMODELANTE PARA LA
HIPERTENSIÓN PULMONAR EN NEONATOS DE OVEJA
GESTADOS EN...
, Roberto V. Reyes, Aníbal J. Llanos, Emilio A. Herrera. Redox Biology 22 (2019): 101128. Nacionales. El tratamiento postnatal con melatonina modula la expresión de agentes prostanoides en pulmón de neonatos de oveja con hipertensión pulmonar...
, Roberto V. Reyes, Aníbal J. Llanos, Emilio A. Herrera. Redox Biology 22 (2019): 101128. Nacionales. El tratamiento postnatal con melatonina modula la expresión de agentes prostanoides en pulmón de neonatos de oveja con hipertensión pulmonar...
Papel de la vasculogénesis y el estrés oxidativo en la predicción de preeclampsia, en mujeres, durante el primer trimestre del embarazo
(Universidad de Chile, 2010)
La preeclampsia es un síndrome caracterizado por remodelación anormal de las arterias espirales, defectuosa vasculogénesis y disfunción en el endotelio vascular materno. Sus características clínicas más importantes son: hipertensión y proteinuria...