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Morfología condilar en pacientes con reabsorción condilar progresiva : evaluación tomográfica y ortopantomográfica
(Universidad de Chile, 2005)
articular al
alterar el metabolismo de los tejidos conectivos. Campbell et al. (56), diseñó un
método más efectivo para encontrar los receptores estrogénicos en el disco, a
través del examen de discos fijados en formalina, discos congelados, y a través...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE ODONTOLOGÍA DEPARTAMENTO DE CIRUGÍA Y TRAUMATOLOGÍA MAXILO FACIAL “Morfología condilar en pacientes con reabsorción condilar progresiva : evaluación...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE ODONTOLOGÍA DEPARTAMENTO DE CIRUGÍA Y TRAUMATOLOGÍA MAXILO FACIAL “Morfología condilar en pacientes con reabsorción condilar progresiva : evaluación...
Pioneros del rock chileno 1966 - 1973. Los caminos que se abren. Historia testimonial
(Universidad de Chile, 2000-05)
Esta memoria busca poner a prueba la capacidad del postulante para realizar entrevistas en profundidad a los protagonistas del período de gestación del rock nacional, de las cuales obtener datos, anécdotas y testimonios que den cuenta del modo en el...
Drogas, relaciones familiares y rendimiento escolar : evidencia para Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2005-03-18)
factores más relevantes que ayudarán al
diseño de políticas educacionales coherentes con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de la educación.
Los estudios previamente realizados en Chile solo han relacionado las funciones de producción
con pruebas cognitivas...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas ESCUELA DE POSTGRADO, ECONOMIA Y NEGOCIOS “Drogas, Relaciones Familiares y Rendimiento Escolar: Evidencia para Chile...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas ESCUELA DE POSTGRADO, ECONOMIA Y NEGOCIOS “Drogas, Relaciones Familiares y Rendimiento Escolar: Evidencia para Chile...
Caracterización geológico-geotécnica de Mina Carmen, Región de Atacama
(Universidad de Chile, 2013)
de sondajes geotécnicos. Esto se hizo en las galerías subterráneas existentes, y los sectores accesibles del rajo Carmen. Posteriormente se analizaron los datos recogidos; se distinguieron estructuras destacadas, se definieron dominios estructurales...
Efecto del cruce y del peso de sacrificio sobre calidad de canal y de carne ovina
(Universidad de Chile, 2008)
Se estudió el efecto del peso de sacrificio y del genotipo sobre las características de calidad de canal y de carne ovina en corderos de 4 cruces (Cuádruple x Cuádruple, Dorset x Suffolk Down, Texel x Cuádruple y Texel x Suffolk Down). Se utilizaron...
Identificación de macrófagos M1 y M2 en aorta de ratas espontáneamente hipertensas (SHR) mediante citometría de flujo
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
Antecedentes. Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de muerte en el mundo y en nuestro país. El principal factor de riesgo es la hipertensión arterial (HTA). En Chile, el 26,9% de la población es hipertensa. La presión arterial...
Background. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide and particularly in our country. The main risk factor is arterial hypertension (HT). In Chile, 26.9% of the population is hypertensive. Blood pressure is regulated by mechanical and humoral stimuli and their imbalance increase blood flow and vasoconstriction, causing a remodeling process (damage) in the blood vessels. Inflammation is a natural defensive response to injury. Under conditions of chronic inflammation, such as in HT, an increase of proinflammatory cytokines and macrophages in different tissues has been described. There are two subpopulations of macrophages, the M1 or pro-inflammatory type and the M2 or anti-inflammatory type. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are an excellent animal model since they reproduce essential hypertension caused in humans. To date, the participation of M1 and M2 macrophages has not been studied in this model. Recently, flow cytometry (CF) has emerged as a specific, decisive and rapid technique for identification of macrophages and their subpopulations. However, there are no methodologies to isolate and identify M1 and M2 macrophages in aorta of normotensive and hypertensive rats. Hypothesis. In this thesis the following hypothesis was proposed: "Flow cytometry detects and discriminates differences in levels of M1 and M2 macrophages in aortas of hypertensive rats with respect to normotensive rats". Specific objectives: 1. To design and implement a new methodology that allows: a) isolation of macrophages from rat aorta and b) to detect and discriminate the M1 and M2 subpopulations in aorta by flow cytometry. 2. To evaluate the levels of M1 and M2 macrophages in aorta of normotensive control rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), using the new methodology implemented in objective 1. Methodology. Normotensive WKY rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) (4-5 months of age) obtained from the Bioterium of the Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC) were used with prior approval of the Institutional Bioethics Committee. To achieve objective 1, the methodologies of three previous macrophage identification studies were combined, two performed in mouse aorta and one performed in rat kidney. Different times of digestion (30 and 60 minutes) of the aorta were tested. Cell viability was evaluated by Trypan blue and Propidium Iodide staining. Specific antibodies labeled with the appropriate fluorophore were selected for identification of M1 and M2 macrophages and the experimental conditions for their use in FC were standardized. Once the new protocol was implemented, the levels of M1 and M2 macrophages were evaluated in the normotensive experimental group (WKY, n = 9) and in the hypertensive group (SHR, n = 9). Results. Cell viability of leukocytes of over 94% was obtained. Optimal enzymatic digestion time was 30 minutes, maintaining expression levels of the specific surface antigens. Conclusions. In this work, for the first time a methodology to evaluate M1 and M2 macrophages in rat aorta was designed and implemented. Pro-inflammatory or M1 macrophages were found to be significantly increased in HTA condition (14,6 ± 1,2) compared to a normotensive condition (9,7 ± 1,3) using this methodology. These findings suggest that in a chronic inflammatory condition such as HTA, macrophages participate in the perpetuation of tissue damage in the aorta...
Background. Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death worldwide and particularly in our country. The main risk factor is arterial hypertension (HT). In Chile, 26.9% of the population is hypertensive. Blood pressure is regulated by mechanical and humoral stimuli and their imbalance increase blood flow and vasoconstriction, causing a remodeling process (damage) in the blood vessels. Inflammation is a natural defensive response to injury. Under conditions of chronic inflammation, such as in HT, an increase of proinflammatory cytokines and macrophages in different tissues has been described. There are two subpopulations of macrophages, the M1 or pro-inflammatory type and the M2 or anti-inflammatory type. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are an excellent animal model since they reproduce essential hypertension caused in humans. To date, the participation of M1 and M2 macrophages has not been studied in this model. Recently, flow cytometry (CF) has emerged as a specific, decisive and rapid technique for identification of macrophages and their subpopulations. However, there are no methodologies to isolate and identify M1 and M2 macrophages in aorta of normotensive and hypertensive rats. Hypothesis. In this thesis the following hypothesis was proposed: "Flow cytometry detects and discriminates differences in levels of M1 and M2 macrophages in aortas of hypertensive rats with respect to normotensive rats". Specific objectives: 1. To design and implement a new methodology that allows: a) isolation of macrophages from rat aorta and b) to detect and discriminate the M1 and M2 subpopulations in aorta by flow cytometry. 2. To evaluate the levels of M1 and M2 macrophages in aorta of normotensive control rats (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), using the new methodology implemented in objective 1. Methodology. Normotensive WKY rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) (4-5 months of age) obtained from the Bioterium of the Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC) were used with prior approval of the Institutional Bioethics Committee. To achieve objective 1, the methodologies of three previous macrophage identification studies were combined, two performed in mouse aorta and one performed in rat kidney. Different times of digestion (30 and 60 minutes) of the aorta were tested. Cell viability was evaluated by Trypan blue and Propidium Iodide staining. Specific antibodies labeled with the appropriate fluorophore were selected for identification of M1 and M2 macrophages and the experimental conditions for their use in FC were standardized. Once the new protocol was implemented, the levels of M1 and M2 macrophages were evaluated in the normotensive experimental group (WKY, n = 9) and in the hypertensive group (SHR, n = 9). Results. Cell viability of leukocytes of over 94% was obtained. Optimal enzymatic digestion time was 30 minutes, maintaining expression levels of the specific surface antigens. Conclusions. In this work, for the first time a methodology to evaluate M1 and M2 macrophages in rat aorta was designed and implemented. Pro-inflammatory or M1 macrophages were found to be significantly increased in HTA condition (14,6 ± 1,2) compared to a normotensive condition (9,7 ± 1,3) using this methodology. These findings suggest that in a chronic inflammatory condition such as HTA, macrophages participate in the perpetuation of tissue damage in the aorta...
El derecho humano al agua y las vulneraciones del modelo hídrico chileno a las normas internacionales de derechos humanos relativas a la materia
(Universidad de Chile, 2021)
Pese al reconocimiento formal que ha recibido el derecho humano al agua en el Derecho Internacional de los Derechos Humanos, y a las metas que la comunidad internacional ha establecido para lograr su realización efectiva, actualmente nuestro planeta...
Los discursos públicos de negación del aborto terapéutico
(Universidad de Chile, 2015)
La presente investigación se llevó a cabo de forma implicada, ya que mi rol es activo y participante en ella. En su desarrollo se abordarán los discursos y situaciones que se entrelazan entorno al aborto terapéutico. Primero entendiendo que el...
Formulación y análisis de modelos dinámicos de cuasiequilibrio de localización urbana
(Universidad de Chile, 2014)
El presente trabajo de tesis aborda el desarrollo de modelos dinámicos de localización urbana basados en los modelos de equilibrio, introduciendo desfases temporales en la información en el mercado inmobiliario. Esto se denomina cuasiequilibrio...
Identificación de impactos en el fuselaje de un avión utilizando algoritmos de aprendizaje de máquinas
(Universidad de Chile, 2019)
desarrollar los siguientes objetivos especí-
ficos:
1. Diseño de la toma de mediciones experimental.
2. Desarrollar una metodología particular a cada algoritmo, que entregue las mejores estima-
ciones de posición y magnitud de los impactos, utilizando dos...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FÍSICAS Y MATEMÁTICAS DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE IMPACTOS EN EL FUSELAJE DE UN AVIÓN UTILIZANDO ALGORITMOS DE APRENDIZAJE DE MÁQUINAS MEMORIA PARA...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FÍSICAS Y MATEMÁTICAS DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA IDENTIFICACIÓN DE IMPACTOS EN EL FUSELAJE DE UN AVIÓN UTILIZANDO ALGORITMOS DE APRENDIZAJE DE MÁQUINAS MEMORIA PARA...