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Asociación entre desdentamiento total superior, inferior y bimaxilar e IMC correspondiente a bajo peso en una población de adultos mayores de la Clínica de Prótesis Totales de la Facultad de Odontología de la Univerisdad de Chile entre los años 2006- 2011
(Universidad de Chile, 2012)
educacional, estado civil, arreglo familiar) y médicas
(presencia de enfermedades sistémicas y consumo de medicamentos). Se realizó
un análisis de OR y test de chi-cuadrado o Fisher (según el caso), considerando
como estadísticamente significativo valores...
escolaridad, grupo etario, estado civil, arreglo familiar, presencia de enfermedades sistémicas y consumo de medicamentos. 6 INTRODUCCIÓN El envejecimiento es un proceso fisiológico que determina una pérdida progresiva de...
escolaridad, grupo etario, estado civil, arreglo familiar, presencia de enfermedades sistémicas y consumo de medicamentos. 6 INTRODUCCIÓN El envejecimiento es un proceso fisiológico que determina una pérdida progresiva de...
La Alfabetización de la Salud en el Sistema de Salud Pública en Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2008)
salud familiar
de amplia cobertura y resolutividad a la población inscrita.
La conducción del proyecto ha estado a cargo del Departamento de Medicina Familiar
de la Facultad de Medicina junto a las Escuelas de Enfermería, Psicología y Trabajo...
Familiar ........................................................................................................ 15 Enfermedades en la Sociedad Chilena........................................................................ 19 CAPÍTULO II: Alfabetización...
Familiar ........................................................................................................ 15 Enfermedades en la Sociedad Chilena........................................................................ 19 CAPÍTULO II: Alfabetización...
Niveles de BDNF y esquizofrenia : variaciones de acuerdo con el curso temporal de la enfermedad
(Universidad de Chile, 2018)
La esquizofrenia es una enfermedad mental devastadora que afecta el 1% de la
población mundial, está asociada con sufrimiento familiar, altas tasas de suicidio y
disfunción social. Sin embargo, a pesar de diversas investigaciones, su etiología y...
Schizophrenia is a devastating mental illness that affects 1% of the world population, is associated with family suffering, high rates of suicide and social dysfunction. However, despite various investigations, its etiology and pathophysiology are still poorly understood. The neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative models of schizophrenia are currently the main hypotheses to explain the etiology and clinical course of this disease. It is known that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for regulating cell survival, proliferation and synaptic growth in the central nervous system, mainly in development, as well as brain plasticity, which suggests that BDNF may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Several studies have reported that BDNF levels may be decreased in patients with schizophrenia compared to control subjects, although not all studies have found this decrease. In the context of the hypothesis of neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration in schizophrenia, it is postulated that the temporal course of schizophrenia is related to the neurobiological processes underlying the disease, which may be reflected in BDNF levels in peripheral blood. We collected information on the evolution of the disease retrospectively in a group of patients (n = 39) with a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the DSM-IV TR criteria, mainly patients from the University Psychiatric Clinic (Psychiatric Service of the Hospital Clínico from the University of Chile), and Dr. José Horwitz Barak Psychiatric Hospital. Likewise, the levels of plasma BDNF in this group of subjects were analyzed. The data obtained were collected and analyzed using the statistical software SPSS 24. After the analysis, a negative correlation (p = 0.001) was found between the age of onset of schizophrenia from the start of prodrome and plasma BDNF levels, positive correlations between BDNF levels and duration of untreated illness (DUI) (p = 0.001), as well as the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) (p = 0.021), and positive correlations between BDNF and disease progression time from the onset of prodrome (p = 0.001) as well as from the onset of psychosis (p. = 0.045). These data show a significant correlation tendency between the temporal course of schizophrenia and BDNF levels in peripheral blood, which support the proposed hypothesis. This approach aims to contribute to the study of psychotic disorders, and to explain in part the considerable and unexplained heterogeneity in the literature on previous studies of BDNF and schizophrenia levels....
Schizophrenia is a devastating mental illness that affects 1% of the world population, is associated with family suffering, high rates of suicide and social dysfunction. However, despite various investigations, its etiology and pathophysiology are still poorly understood. The neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative models of schizophrenia are currently the main hypotheses to explain the etiology and clinical course of this disease. It is known that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for regulating cell survival, proliferation and synaptic growth in the central nervous system, mainly in development, as well as brain plasticity, which suggests that BDNF may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Several studies have reported that BDNF levels may be decreased in patients with schizophrenia compared to control subjects, although not all studies have found this decrease. In the context of the hypothesis of neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration in schizophrenia, it is postulated that the temporal course of schizophrenia is related to the neurobiological processes underlying the disease, which may be reflected in BDNF levels in peripheral blood. We collected information on the evolution of the disease retrospectively in a group of patients (n = 39) with a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the DSM-IV TR criteria, mainly patients from the University Psychiatric Clinic (Psychiatric Service of the Hospital Clínico from the University of Chile), and Dr. José Horwitz Barak Psychiatric Hospital. Likewise, the levels of plasma BDNF in this group of subjects were analyzed. The data obtained were collected and analyzed using the statistical software SPSS 24. After the analysis, a negative correlation (p = 0.001) was found between the age of onset of schizophrenia from the start of prodrome and plasma BDNF levels, positive correlations between BDNF levels and duration of untreated illness (DUI) (p = 0.001), as well as the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) (p = 0.021), and positive correlations between BDNF and disease progression time from the onset of prodrome (p = 0.001) as well as from the onset of psychosis (p. = 0.045). These data show a significant correlation tendency between the temporal course of schizophrenia and BDNF levels in peripheral blood, which support the proposed hypothesis. This approach aims to contribute to the study of psychotic disorders, and to explain in part the considerable and unexplained heterogeneity in the literature on previous studies of BDNF and schizophrenia levels....
Caracterización del estado de sobrepeso/obesidad y factores de riesgo de caninos que asisten a centros de atención clínica de FAVET
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
estudio fue 43,3% de sobrepeso/obesidad. En cuanto a los factores de riesgo, se identificaron cinco: (1) la importancia que dieron los dueños a la opinión de un amigo/familiar a la hora de comprar alimento a sus mascotas (OR=84, p < 0,001), (2) visitar al...
Obesity in dogs is defined as a condition of positive energy balance with excessive formation of adipose tissue that generates adverse effects on the morbidity and mortality of the canine. The prevalence of obesity in dogs has been increasing, in previous studies it is estimated that they vary between 18% and 44% worldwide. Currently in Chile, there are no official studies of prevalence of overweight/obesity in pets. The objective of this Title Report was to characterize the state of overweight/obesity and risk factors of the canines that attend a Veterinary Medical consultation in FAVET clinical care centers. In both clinical care centers, and according to the specific sample size (386 individuals), a previously validated survey was applied to the owners of the canines. This survey measured a total of 60 variables and sought to relate factors associated with the animal and the owner with the presentation of canine obesity. For the characterization of overweight/obesity the body condition is evaluated using a 5-point scale, and for the analysis of the data a logistic regression model is used, in which the use of a liberal value criterion was proposed, conserving for the multivariable analysis to all those factors that to the univariate analysis consider a value of p < 0.25. Then, a gradual phase-out procedure was considered, where they had variables with non-significant regression coefficients (p > 0.05) were removed from the model. The survey results showed a 37.8% prevalence of overweight/obesity at the El Roble Veterinary Health Center, and 48.7% of overweight/obesity at the Bilbao Veterinary Clinical Hospital. The total prevalence in this study was 43.3% overweight/obesity. Regarding the risk factors, five are identified: (1) the importance that the owners have in the opinion of a friend / relative when buying food from their pets (OR = 84, p < 0.001), (2 ) visit the veterinarian scheduled or followed (OR = 7, p < 0.006), (3) that the pet did not have a disease (OR = 3, p < 0.04), (4) that the owner was normal weight (OR = 3, p < 0.012), and (5) the amount of daily food that will be provided to your pets (OR = 1, p < 0.028). This study constitutes the first official report of prevalence of overweight/obesity in canines of the Metropolitan Region....
Obesity in dogs is defined as a condition of positive energy balance with excessive formation of adipose tissue that generates adverse effects on the morbidity and mortality of the canine. The prevalence of obesity in dogs has been increasing, in previous studies it is estimated that they vary between 18% and 44% worldwide. Currently in Chile, there are no official studies of prevalence of overweight/obesity in pets. The objective of this Title Report was to characterize the state of overweight/obesity and risk factors of the canines that attend a Veterinary Medical consultation in FAVET clinical care centers. In both clinical care centers, and according to the specific sample size (386 individuals), a previously validated survey was applied to the owners of the canines. This survey measured a total of 60 variables and sought to relate factors associated with the animal and the owner with the presentation of canine obesity. For the characterization of overweight/obesity the body condition is evaluated using a 5-point scale, and for the analysis of the data a logistic regression model is used, in which the use of a liberal value criterion was proposed, conserving for the multivariable analysis to all those factors that to the univariate analysis consider a value of p < 0.25. Then, a gradual phase-out procedure was considered, where they had variables with non-significant regression coefficients (p > 0.05) were removed from the model. The survey results showed a 37.8% prevalence of overweight/obesity at the El Roble Veterinary Health Center, and 48.7% of overweight/obesity at the Bilbao Veterinary Clinical Hospital. The total prevalence in this study was 43.3% overweight/obesity. Regarding the risk factors, five are identified: (1) the importance that the owners have in the opinion of a friend / relative when buying food from their pets (OR = 84, p < 0.001), (2 ) visit the veterinarian scheduled or followed (OR = 7, p < 0.006), (3) that the pet did not have a disease (OR = 3, p < 0.04), (4) that the owner was normal weight (OR = 3, p < 0.012), and (5) the amount of daily food that will be provided to your pets (OR = 1, p < 0.028). This study constitutes the first official report of prevalence of overweight/obesity in canines of the Metropolitan Region....
Mutaciones del gen de la tiroperoxidasa (TPO) en pacientes con hipotiroidismo congénito por dishormonogénesis en Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2016-05)
, Síndrome de Down,
hipotiroidismo congénito central o transitorio. Se solicitó consentimiento informado y se
preguntó por antecedentes familiares. Se tomaron muestras de sangre para extracción del
DNA, se amplificó por PCR los 17 exones del gen TPO. Los...
10 to 15% of primary congenital hypothyroidism are due to thyroid dyshormonogenesis. One of the most common causes are mutations in the enzyme thyroid peroxidase gene (TPO), an autosomal recessive disease. Aim: To detect mutations in the TPO gene in 12 Chilean patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) by dyshormonogenesis (DH) and Clinically and molecularly characterize these patients. Methodology: were included 12 patients under 20 years of age, with congenital hypothyroidism dyshormonogenesis controlled in The Metropolitan West Public Health Service, Santiago, Chile, according to the inclusion criteria: elevated TSH, persistent hypothyroidism, orthotopic thyroid in ultrasound and / or scintigraphy thyroid. We excluded those with deafness, Down syndrome, central congenital hypothyroidism or transient hypothyroidism. Informed consent was requested and family history was investigated. Blood samples for DNA extraction were obteined. 17 exons of TPO gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The PCR products were sequenced. Results: two pathogenic mutations in TPO gene were detected. A mutation previously described: c.2246G> A, which produces a change of the amino acid valine for methionine at position 748, and a new mutation: c.1103C> T, which causes the change of amino acid proline for leucine at position 368. Both amino acid changes are likely pathogenic according to an analysis in Polyphen 2 software. In 2 of 12 (16.6%) of these patients mutations were detected: one composite heterozigote c.1103C> T / c.2246G>A and the other one heterozygote c.2246G>A, the second probably presents monoallelic expression of the mutated gene. Both patients had diffuse goiter, high uptake to the thyroid scintigraphy and high TSH in venous blood in the examination of diagnostic confirmation (> 190 mIU / mL). Conclusion: The frequency of patients with potentially pathogenic mutations in TPO among cases with congenital hypothyroidism by thyroid dyshormonogenesis was 16.6%. The clinical characteristics of these two patients are likely explained to mutations detected. Knowledge of clinical, biochemical, anatomical and genetic features by the detected mutation of these patients would allow better diagnosis of pathology and provide genetic counseling to the family of the affected patients....
10 to 15% of primary congenital hypothyroidism are due to thyroid dyshormonogenesis. One of the most common causes are mutations in the enzyme thyroid peroxidase gene (TPO), an autosomal recessive disease. Aim: To detect mutations in the TPO gene in 12 Chilean patients with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) by dyshormonogenesis (DH) and Clinically and molecularly characterize these patients. Methodology: were included 12 patients under 20 years of age, with congenital hypothyroidism dyshormonogenesis controlled in The Metropolitan West Public Health Service, Santiago, Chile, according to the inclusion criteria: elevated TSH, persistent hypothyroidism, orthotopic thyroid in ultrasound and / or scintigraphy thyroid. We excluded those with deafness, Down syndrome, central congenital hypothyroidism or transient hypothyroidism. Informed consent was requested and family history was investigated. Blood samples for DNA extraction were obteined. 17 exons of TPO gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. The PCR products were sequenced. Results: two pathogenic mutations in TPO gene were detected. A mutation previously described: c.2246G> A, which produces a change of the amino acid valine for methionine at position 748, and a new mutation: c.1103C> T, which causes the change of amino acid proline for leucine at position 368. Both amino acid changes are likely pathogenic according to an analysis in Polyphen 2 software. In 2 of 12 (16.6%) of these patients mutations were detected: one composite heterozigote c.1103C> T / c.2246G>A and the other one heterozygote c.2246G>A, the second probably presents monoallelic expression of the mutated gene. Both patients had diffuse goiter, high uptake to the thyroid scintigraphy and high TSH in venous blood in the examination of diagnostic confirmation (> 190 mIU / mL). Conclusion: The frequency of patients with potentially pathogenic mutations in TPO among cases with congenital hypothyroidism by thyroid dyshormonogenesis was 16.6%. The clinical characteristics of these two patients are likely explained to mutations detected. Knowledge of clinical, biochemical, anatomical and genetic features by the detected mutation of these patients would allow better diagnosis of pathology and provide genetic counseling to the family of the affected patients....
Acceso de mujeres sordas y/o con discapacidad auditiva a atención con matrona en Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2021)
meses y un 52,3% reportó haberse sentido
discriminada por este profesional. De las mujeres que requirieron
interpretación durante la atención, el 90,5% tuvieron que recurrir a un familiar
o amigo para esta actividad, mientras que en el 9,5% de los casos...
Objective: to describe the characteristics and frequency of attendance to midwifery care of D/deaf and hearing loss women from Chile in the last twelve months. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted to 61 D/deaf and hearing loss women who lived in Chilean territory. The participants answered an online questionnaire. The survey was available for 5 weeks during the second semester of 2020. Results: At least 91.7% of participants referred to have a disabling hearing loss. Accordingly, the predominant form of communication of the women in this survey was the Chilean Sign Language (47.5%). A 49.2% of surveyed women had received midwifery care during the last twelve months and 52.3% of total participants reported had felling discriminated by a midwife at least once during their lifetime. Most women (90.5%) requiring sing language interpretation during midwife’s care had to the request support from a family member or friend for it. The healthcare centres provided interpreters for only 9.5% of women requiring the service. Conclusions: Chile ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities over 10 years ago. Nevertheless, there are still significant barriers for D/deaf women to access to sexual and reproductive health in the country. Chilean midwives are referents of sexual and reproductive health (SRH). Therefore, they must make efforts to ensure reducing the SRH gaps affecting women with disabilities. Furthermore, midwives must support these women in exercising their sexual and reproductive rights....
Objective: to describe the characteristics and frequency of attendance to midwifery care of D/deaf and hearing loss women from Chile in the last twelve months. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted to 61 D/deaf and hearing loss women who lived in Chilean territory. The participants answered an online questionnaire. The survey was available for 5 weeks during the second semester of 2020. Results: At least 91.7% of participants referred to have a disabling hearing loss. Accordingly, the predominant form of communication of the women in this survey was the Chilean Sign Language (47.5%). A 49.2% of surveyed women had received midwifery care during the last twelve months and 52.3% of total participants reported had felling discriminated by a midwife at least once during their lifetime. Most women (90.5%) requiring sing language interpretation during midwife’s care had to the request support from a family member or friend for it. The healthcare centres provided interpreters for only 9.5% of women requiring the service. Conclusions: Chile ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities over 10 years ago. Nevertheless, there are still significant barriers for D/deaf women to access to sexual and reproductive health in the country. Chilean midwives are referents of sexual and reproductive health (SRH). Therefore, they must make efforts to ensure reducing the SRH gaps affecting women with disabilities. Furthermore, midwives must support these women in exercising their sexual and reproductive rights....
Órganos fuera de un cuerpo (OfC) : propuestas para una representación anatómica
(Universidad de Chile, 2017)
se transforman
también en elementos de sentido para los futuros procesos.
6
1 ANTECEDENTES
1.1 Sobre la anatomía y la representación del cuerpo desde la Antigüedad
hasta hoy
“La medicina como fruto de técnicas de...
conocimiento que los cirujanos tenían que saber algo de anatomía, así lo evidencia, el documento más antiguo conservado que corresponde a un “papiro quirúrgico” del viejo reino. Sin embargo, es en Grecia donde la medicina comienza a tener un carácter...
conocimiento que los cirujanos tenían que saber algo de anatomía, así lo evidencia, el documento más antiguo conservado que corresponde a un “papiro quirúrgico” del viejo reino. Sin embargo, es en Grecia donde la medicina comienza a tener un carácter...
Calidad del diagnóstico de asma y su impacto en el control de la enfermedad en adultos atendidos en un centro de salud familiar de Santiago
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE
FACULTAD DE MEDICINA
ESCUELA DE SALUD PÚBLICA
“CALIDAD DEL DIAGNÓSTICO DE ASMA Y SU IMPACTO
EN EL CONTROL DE LA ENFERMEDAD EN ADULTOS
ATENDIDOS EN UN CENTRO DE...
SALUD FAMILIAR DE SANTIAGO” ESTEBAN TRONCOSO ROJAS TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGISTER EN SALUD PÚBLICA PROFESOR GUIA DE TESIS: DR. GUSTAVO CONTRERAS TUDELA Santiago, DICIEMBRE...
SALUD FAMILIAR DE SANTIAGO” ESTEBAN TRONCOSO ROJAS TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGISTER EN SALUD PÚBLICA PROFESOR GUIA DE TESIS: DR. GUSTAVO CONTRERAS TUDELA Santiago, DICIEMBRE...
Funcionalidad del adulto mayor que asiste a servicio de atención primaria de la comuna de Melipilla
(2011)
Diaria
CESFAM: Centro de Salud Familiar.
EFAM: Examen Funcional Adulto Mayor
EMP: Examen Medicina Preventivo
EMPAM: Examen Medicina Preventivo Adulto Mayor
FC: Frecuencia Cardiaca
IMC: Índice de Masa Corporal
PA: Presión Arterial
PAD: Presión...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE MEDICINA ESCUELA DE KINESIOLOGÍA Funcionalidad del Adulto Mayor que asiste a servicio de atención primaria de la comuna de Melipilla...
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE MEDICINA ESCUELA DE KINESIOLOGÍA Funcionalidad del Adulto Mayor que asiste a servicio de atención primaria de la comuna de Melipilla...
Estudio de asociación de base familiar entre polimorfismos de MTHFR y mielomeningocele en Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2014)
587
artículos de investigación
rev Med chile 2014; 142: 587-592
Estudio de asociación de base familiar
entre polimorfismos de MTHFR y
mielomeningocele en Chile
Rosa PaRdo1,2,3, José suazo4, silvia Castillo1,5,
Ma...
Metabolismo, escuela de Medicina, Pontificia universidad católica de chile. 7Programa de genética Humana, instituto de ciencias Biomédicas, universidad de chile. 8sociedad Pro ayuda del niño lisiado (teleton-chile). 9centro de rehabilitación infantil del...
Metabolismo, escuela de Medicina, Pontificia universidad católica de chile. 7Programa de genética Humana, instituto de ciencias Biomédicas, universidad de chile. 8sociedad Pro ayuda del niño lisiado (teleton-chile). 9centro de rehabilitación infantil del...