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Caracterización de células troncales neurales de medula espinal murina y su expresión de VEGF/VEGFRS
(Universidad de Chile, 2012)
CTN de ME, constituyéndose en un aporte para futuras investigaciones, destinadas a
eventuales aproximaciones clínicas dentro del contexto de medicina regenerativa....
Among the factors that regulate neural stem cell (NSC) function, recently described the involvement of angioneurins, family of molecules classically considered as angiogenics, which form part of the neurovascular niche and can regulate the activity of neural precursors. An important representative of this family is derived growth factor (VEGF), which was initially identified by its angiogenic properties, bone growth and reproductive functions, today attributed effects on neurogenic process in the central nervous system (CNS) brain. Specifically we have seen that VEGF-A and its receptor Flk-1 involved in the development of CNS structures and functions regulate proliferation and differentiation of brain at NSC. However, the role played by VEGF, particularly VEGF-A and its receptors in development and tissue homeostasis of the ME is not yet clear. Considering this background, this thesis postulates that the NSC of murine spinal cord expressing VEGF and its receptors. The expression, may account for the ability of this factor, both in the differentiation process of NSC, as in the regeneration processes after a spinal cord trauma. To test this hypothesis test were performed: a) Characterization of NSCs from murine spinal cord. b) Evaluation of Vegf-a expression and its receptors (Flt-1 and Flk-1) and co-receptors (neuropilin 1 and neuropilin 2) at the level of mRNA and protein in tissue samples and cultures of NSCs generated from it. c) Assays of inhibition of VEGF-receptor activity and its effect on the adhesion and differentiation of NSCs. Finally, it is hoped that VEGF and its receptors are expressed by NSCs....
Among the factors that regulate neural stem cell (NSC) function, recently described the involvement of angioneurins, family of molecules classically considered as angiogenics, which form part of the neurovascular niche and can regulate the activity of neural precursors. An important representative of this family is derived growth factor (VEGF), which was initially identified by its angiogenic properties, bone growth and reproductive functions, today attributed effects on neurogenic process in the central nervous system (CNS) brain. Specifically we have seen that VEGF-A and its receptor Flk-1 involved in the development of CNS structures and functions regulate proliferation and differentiation of brain at NSC. However, the role played by VEGF, particularly VEGF-A and its receptors in development and tissue homeostasis of the ME is not yet clear. Considering this background, this thesis postulates that the NSC of murine spinal cord expressing VEGF and its receptors. The expression, may account for the ability of this factor, both in the differentiation process of NSC, as in the regeneration processes after a spinal cord trauma. To test this hypothesis test were performed: a) Characterization of NSCs from murine spinal cord. b) Evaluation of Vegf-a expression and its receptors (Flt-1 and Flk-1) and co-receptors (neuropilin 1 and neuropilin 2) at the level of mRNA and protein in tissue samples and cultures of NSCs generated from it. c) Assays of inhibition of VEGF-receptor activity and its effect on the adhesion and differentiation of NSCs. Finally, it is hoped that VEGF and its receptors are expressed by NSCs....
Seroconversión a Brucella en estudiantes de veterinaria en la región de Valdivia
(Universidad de Chile, 2011)
.
METODOLOGÍA: se realizó una cohorte a estudiantes de medicina veterinaria, se
recogió información relacionada con variables epidemiológicas, y se les tomó
muestras de sangre para determinación de IgG para Brucella y grupo sanguíneo.
RESULTADOS: se obtuvo un...
INTRODUCTION: Brucellosis, the world's most common zoonoses, is caused by Brucella, a gram negative bacillococcus. It has a nonspecific clinical presentation and requires a high suspicion, mainly affecting veterinarians and personnel related with products derived from cattle. In Chile it is considered an occupational disease, has a relative prevalence of 4 to 24% and a seroprevalence in veterinary workers of 10% to 70%, associated with low use of preventive measures. OBJECTIVES: To study the seroconversion by IgG ELISA in veterinary students in a region of high prevalence and to identify variables related to the modes of transmission. METHODOLOGY: We conducted a cohort of veterinary students, information about epidemiological variables was collected, and blood samples were taken to determinate the blood group and the presence of IgG antibodies directed against Brucella and blood group. RESULTS: We obtained a total of 93 surveys -all incomplete, and 93 sera for analysis. 70% of students who participated in this work were enrolled in non-practical semesters, had an average age of 21.5 years (+ / - 2.12 years) and 64% were women. 81.8% lived in urban areas, mainly in the tenth region. Only 90% of the students claimed to know Brucella, and one third (29%) of them reported to have had contact with sick animals, most of them (63.6%) in a single instance. Only 33.3% of respondents said they used preventive measures. The average ELISA values for all semesters was 1.24 optical density units (+ / - 0.54). There were no differences in ELISA results between the semesters studied. Statistical analysis showed no trend in linear regression. CONCLUSIONS: There was no seroconversion to Brucella in veterinary students, and no relationship was found with risk behaviors or biological variables....
INTRODUCTION: Brucellosis, the world's most common zoonoses, is caused by Brucella, a gram negative bacillococcus. It has a nonspecific clinical presentation and requires a high suspicion, mainly affecting veterinarians and personnel related with products derived from cattle. In Chile it is considered an occupational disease, has a relative prevalence of 4 to 24% and a seroprevalence in veterinary workers of 10% to 70%, associated with low use of preventive measures. OBJECTIVES: To study the seroconversion by IgG ELISA in veterinary students in a region of high prevalence and to identify variables related to the modes of transmission. METHODOLOGY: We conducted a cohort of veterinary students, information about epidemiological variables was collected, and blood samples were taken to determinate the blood group and the presence of IgG antibodies directed against Brucella and blood group. RESULTS: We obtained a total of 93 surveys -all incomplete, and 93 sera for analysis. 70% of students who participated in this work were enrolled in non-practical semesters, had an average age of 21.5 years (+ / - 2.12 years) and 64% were women. 81.8% lived in urban areas, mainly in the tenth region. Only 90% of the students claimed to know Brucella, and one third (29%) of them reported to have had contact with sick animals, most of them (63.6%) in a single instance. Only 33.3% of respondents said they used preventive measures. The average ELISA values for all semesters was 1.24 optical density units (+ / - 0.54). There were no differences in ELISA results between the semesters studied. Statistical analysis showed no trend in linear regression. CONCLUSIONS: There was no seroconversion to Brucella in veterinary students, and no relationship was found with risk behaviors or biological variables....
Significados de la experiencia universitaria de personas con TEA asociados a su inclusión, bienestar emocional y salud mental
(Universidad de Chile, 2023)
en Seres Humanos de la Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile. Resultados. Los estudiantes indican que la experiencia de ser estudiantes universitarios es significativa para ellos pues les permite mayores oportunidades de desarrollo personal, sin...
Percepción de las matronas de neonatología del hospital Luis Tisné Brousse sobre la estructuración del razonamiento clínico y de las metodologías educativas que fomentan su aprendizaje
(Universidad de Chile, 2019)
Analyzer.
Como resultados, determinamos que el razonamiento clínico de las matronas es cíclico y posee otras características comparándolas con el proceso de enfermería y medicina, tales como el generar solución a problemas y confirmar conducta con...
Clinical reasoning is a fundamental process within the midwife competencies, helping it to make optimal clinical decision making in diferent situations, because of this is important know its structure and learning. In Chile and Latin America, the training of the midwife professional is mainly of direct entry to the undergraduate course, but in the worldwide it is preferably a postgraduate training, so the clinical reasoning in the professionals can be different depending on their university education. On the other hand, in Chile, midwives work in all areas of neonatology, differentiating themselves from the reality of other countries, so knowing the structure and learning of clinical reasoning will help us to encourage their acquisition in the undergraduate, ensuring compliance with the professional competences mentioned in national and international organizations. A qualitative study was carried out, under the paradigm of grounded theory and with a non-probabilistic sampling in clinical midwives of neonatology at Luis Tisné Brousse Hospital. As an instrument of data collection, we aplied interviews using the Think Aloud technique, exploring the structuring of clinical reasoning and the educational methodologies used for its learning. An analysis was made from the grounded theory, based on 3 phases, which are open coding, axial coding and selective coding. As ethical safeguards, the study was reviewed by the Ethics Committee of the Salvador Hospital and is under the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The data analysis was narrative and by triangulation of information, using the TAMS Analyzer program. As a result, we determine that the clinical reasoning of midwives is cyclical and has other characteristics compared to the nursing and medical process, such as generating problems and confirming behavior with a suitable professional, probably derived from their professional autonomy. The learning strategies mainly used are mentoring, The case analysis and clinical simulation....
Clinical reasoning is a fundamental process within the midwife competencies, helping it to make optimal clinical decision making in diferent situations, because of this is important know its structure and learning. In Chile and Latin America, the training of the midwife professional is mainly of direct entry to the undergraduate course, but in the worldwide it is preferably a postgraduate training, so the clinical reasoning in the professionals can be different depending on their university education. On the other hand, in Chile, midwives work in all areas of neonatology, differentiating themselves from the reality of other countries, so knowing the structure and learning of clinical reasoning will help us to encourage their acquisition in the undergraduate, ensuring compliance with the professional competences mentioned in national and international organizations. A qualitative study was carried out, under the paradigm of grounded theory and with a non-probabilistic sampling in clinical midwives of neonatology at Luis Tisné Brousse Hospital. As an instrument of data collection, we aplied interviews using the Think Aloud technique, exploring the structuring of clinical reasoning and the educational methodologies used for its learning. An analysis was made from the grounded theory, based on 3 phases, which are open coding, axial coding and selective coding. As ethical safeguards, the study was reviewed by the Ethics Committee of the Salvador Hospital and is under the principles of the Helsinki declaration. The data analysis was narrative and by triangulation of information, using the TAMS Analyzer program. As a result, we determine that the clinical reasoning of midwives is cyclical and has other characteristics compared to the nursing and medical process, such as generating problems and confirming behavior with a suitable professional, probably derived from their professional autonomy. The learning strategies mainly used are mentoring, The case analysis and clinical simulation....
Modelo referencial para la generación de reporte interoperable para el diagnóstico de bacterias multirresistentes de importancia en salud pública
(Universidad de Chile, 2022)
clínicos de medicina” (SNOMED-CT), los cuales son utilizados para la codificación
y resultados de LC respectivamente. Estos estándares terminológicos han sido adoptados por
el estándar de mensajería HL7.
En Chile los exámenes de laboratorio aún no son...
The Clinical Laboratory have a critical role to play in epidemiological surveillance and this function is the timely notification of infectious diseases that can put the population ́s health at risk. Actuality, the Clinical Laboratories in Chile are in the trial process for the implementation of a bacterial resistance report, powered by the Mundial increase of antimicrobial resistance. Currently, the surveillance process is poor. The interoperability implementation on systems and laboratories health ́s could reduce the notify time ́s of bacterial resistance, with the generation of early alerts in the clinical system and this improves the use of data stored in the diagnostic report and can be a great contribution to control and epidemiological surveillance. The implementation of interoperable Clinical Laboratories requires the use of international standard terminology. For mapping to standard terminology is required professionals with knowledge of LC and health informatics for the correct mapping of laboratory tests and diagnoses with semantics and syntax that contribute to achieving high levels of interoperability. Commonly used terminology standards in health are "Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes" (LOINC) and "Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms" (SNOMED-CT), which are used for the coding of clinical laboratory tests and diagnostic results. These terminology standards have been adopted by the HL7 messaging standard. In Chile, laboratory tests are not yet interoperable despite the availability of tools used and validated worldwide. Therefore, a reference model was generated that lays the foundations for the future implementation of an interoperable report for the bacteria resistance notification (ARAISP). The reference model contemplates the stages of modeling the process and mapping to standard terminology (LOINC, SNOMED-CT, and HL7-FHIR) about microbiological tests that allow the diagnosis of ARAISP....
The Clinical Laboratory have a critical role to play in epidemiological surveillance and this function is the timely notification of infectious diseases that can put the population ́s health at risk. Actuality, the Clinical Laboratories in Chile are in the trial process for the implementation of a bacterial resistance report, powered by the Mundial increase of antimicrobial resistance. Currently, the surveillance process is poor. The interoperability implementation on systems and laboratories health ́s could reduce the notify time ́s of bacterial resistance, with the generation of early alerts in the clinical system and this improves the use of data stored in the diagnostic report and can be a great contribution to control and epidemiological surveillance. The implementation of interoperable Clinical Laboratories requires the use of international standard terminology. For mapping to standard terminology is required professionals with knowledge of LC and health informatics for the correct mapping of laboratory tests and diagnoses with semantics and syntax that contribute to achieving high levels of interoperability. Commonly used terminology standards in health are "Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes" (LOINC) and "Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine-Clinical Terms" (SNOMED-CT), which are used for the coding of clinical laboratory tests and diagnostic results. These terminology standards have been adopted by the HL7 messaging standard. In Chile, laboratory tests are not yet interoperable despite the availability of tools used and validated worldwide. Therefore, a reference model was generated that lays the foundations for the future implementation of an interoperable report for the bacteria resistance notification (ARAISP). The reference model contemplates the stages of modeling the process and mapping to standard terminology (LOINC, SNOMED-CT, and HL7-FHIR) about microbiological tests that allow the diagnosis of ARAISP....
Revalidación de títulos médicos extranjeros: eficacia y eficiencia de un examen colaborativo y estandarizado
(Sociedad Médica de Santiago, 2018)
Competence; Health Care; Licensure,
Medical; Quality Assurance.
1académica del departamento
de Educación en ciencias de la
Salud de la Facultad de Medicina,
universidad de chile. Santiago,
chile.
2académica del departamento de
Medicina Familiar y del...
centro de Educación Médica. Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia universidad católica de chile. Santiago, chile. 3Facultad de Medicina, universidad de concepción. concepción, chile. aMagíster en Educación Médica, FaiMER Fellowship. bFaiMER Fellowship. c...
centro de Educación Médica. Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia universidad católica de chile. Santiago, chile. 3Facultad de Medicina, universidad de concepción. concepción, chile. aMagíster en Educación Médica, FaiMER Fellowship. bFaiMER Fellowship. c...
La responsabilidad civil en cirugía plástica: análisis de la jurisprudencia y doctrina nacional
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
la naturaleza de esta área de la medicina; b) consecuencias de ciertas formas de cicatrización anormal (cicatrices hipertróficas y queloides) que pueden presentarse en cirugía plástica; c) examen de los fenómenos tromboembólicos, como riesgos de esta...
MIIM : aprendizaje colaborativo y experiencia multiprofesional : desarrollo del aprendizaje entre estudiantes que participaron del curso MIIM I de la Universidad de Chile el año 2015
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE
FACULTAD DE MEDICINA
ESCUELA DE POST GRADO
“MIIM: aprendizaje colaborativo y experiencia multiprofesional.
Desarrollo del aprendizaje entre estudiantes que participaron del curso...
MIIM I de la Universidad de Chile el año 2015”. Carla Ramírez Lazcano TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGISTER EDUCACIÓN EN CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD Director de Tesis: Prof. Dra. Silvana Castillo Parra 2016 1...
MIIM I de la Universidad de Chile el año 2015”. Carla Ramírez Lazcano TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGISTER EDUCACIÓN EN CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD Director de Tesis: Prof. Dra. Silvana Castillo Parra 2016 1...
Sentipensando el género, las espiritualidades y la Tierra: Una comunidad de afinidad de mujeres medicina en Santiago de Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2017)
La presente investigación pretende develar las prácticas y discursos ecológico-espirituales que se construyen en torno a la comunidad de afinidad de mujeres medicina de la Región Metropolitana de Chile, a través de un estudio de corte cualitativo...
Percepción del nivel de fatiga relacionada al cáncer y funcionalidad en pacientes oncológicos con tumores sólidos sometidos a quimioterapia en la Fundación Arturo López Pérez
(Universidad de Chile, 2010)
observó que a un nivel de fatiga relacionada al cáncer mayor, el grado de funcionalidad empeora....
Fatigue related cancer is one of the most prevalent symptoms of cancer patients and its impact decreases substantially the quality of life before, during and after chemotherapy. It is crucial to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms witch provoke the production of fatigue related cancer. In combination with other cancer related effects, comorbidities and side effects of treatment fatigue related cancer becomes a complex syndrome with multidimensional impact in the patient. The aim of this research study is to determine the level of fatigue and functional activity of patients with solid tumors during chemotherapy, in a private institution in the Metropolitan region, wherefore the questionnaire Brief Fatigue Inventory, and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group survey, were applied to 93 ambulatory patients, aged 18 or older, in their chemotherapy treatment. In our study 75.27% of the surveyed patients had cancer-related fatigue. Also the higher frequency of cancer-related fatigue presented by the patients 40 to 60 years. Those who had higher cancer-related fatigue were men. On the other hand, we observed that fatigue "Usual" presentedan interference with general activities by 75.19% in the ability to walk,cancer-related fatigue "Usual" interfered by itself in a severe level (29.3%). There was no clear trend between the levels of cancer related fatigue and the progress of chemotherapy cycles. An interesting point is that most patients with normal weight and overweight showed grade 1 of functionality. Finally it is interesting what happens with the level of cancer related fatigue "Usual" and the degree of functionality, it was noted that a level of increased cancer related fatigue, worsening the degree of functionality (which translates into greater scale score)....
Fatigue related cancer is one of the most prevalent symptoms of cancer patients and its impact decreases substantially the quality of life before, during and after chemotherapy. It is crucial to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms witch provoke the production of fatigue related cancer. In combination with other cancer related effects, comorbidities and side effects of treatment fatigue related cancer becomes a complex syndrome with multidimensional impact in the patient. The aim of this research study is to determine the level of fatigue and functional activity of patients with solid tumors during chemotherapy, in a private institution in the Metropolitan region, wherefore the questionnaire Brief Fatigue Inventory, and the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group survey, were applied to 93 ambulatory patients, aged 18 or older, in their chemotherapy treatment. In our study 75.27% of the surveyed patients had cancer-related fatigue. Also the higher frequency of cancer-related fatigue presented by the patients 40 to 60 years. Those who had higher cancer-related fatigue were men. On the other hand, we observed that fatigue "Usual" presentedan interference with general activities by 75.19% in the ability to walk,cancer-related fatigue "Usual" interfered by itself in a severe level (29.3%). There was no clear trend between the levels of cancer related fatigue and the progress of chemotherapy cycles. An interesting point is that most patients with normal weight and overweight showed grade 1 of functionality. Finally it is interesting what happens with the level of cancer related fatigue "Usual" and the degree of functionality, it was noted that a level of increased cancer related fatigue, worsening the degree of functionality (which translates into greater scale score)....