Advanced Search
Now showing items 4571-4580 of 4653
El campo sangiento
(Universidad de Chile, 2019-08)
Estimación de estados y detección de fallas en un microrred utilizando un filtro de partículas sensible al riesgo
(Universidad de Chile, 2021)
Los sistemas eléctricos, en particular los de potencia, son el conjunto de equipos y dispositivos que permiten la generación, transmisión y distribución de la energía eléctrica en condiciones adecuadas de tensión, frecuencia y disponibilidad de...
Utilización de estructuras existentes para la residencia de estudiantes extranjeros en Valparaíso
(Universidad de Chile, 2017)
A participación desigual, representación desigual: ¿Cómo afecta la pobreza a la participación electoral en sistemas con voto voluntario? Los casos de Chile y Colombia
(Universidad de Chile, 2019-06-01)
La participación electoral en latinoamérica constituye un campo de amplio estudio, sin embargo poca atención suscita cómo la pobreza y la desigualdad, problemas históricos de la región, afectan al momento de votar. Es por ello que la presente...
Electoral participation in Latin America is a field of extensive study, however little attention is raised how poverty and inequality, historical problems in the region, affect the moment of voting. That is why this research seeks to answer how does poverty affect electoral participation in systems with voluntary voting?, Arguing that people with higher incomes tend to vote more than those with low incomes, and as a consequence of this, unfairness A country's economy becomes a political inequality. To test this hypothesis, the cases of Chile and Colombia are taken, both with a voluntary voting system and whose average in elections borders 50% of participation. The data of the last presidential of each country and their corresponding communal poverty rates are analyzed. The methodology used to analyze them corresponds to the logit model of ecological inference of Thomsen (1987), with which it must arrive at conclusions on the individual behavior from aggregated data. To achieve this, the statistical package formulated by Park, Hammer and Biggers (2014) can be obtained. The results show that of the total number of voters, the proportion corresponding to poor suffragants was 34.14% in Chile and 29.11% for Colombia.Seen in another way, of the total of the poor population of each country, in Chile it voted 32.59% while in Colombia it did 31.92%. Both inferences reaffirm the need to reduce inequality to improve participation levels in Latin America....
Electoral participation in Latin America is a field of extensive study, however little attention is raised how poverty and inequality, historical problems in the region, affect the moment of voting. That is why this research seeks to answer how does poverty affect electoral participation in systems with voluntary voting?, Arguing that people with higher incomes tend to vote more than those with low incomes, and as a consequence of this, unfairness A country's economy becomes a political inequality. To test this hypothesis, the cases of Chile and Colombia are taken, both with a voluntary voting system and whose average in elections borders 50% of participation. The data of the last presidential of each country and their corresponding communal poverty rates are analyzed. The methodology used to analyze them corresponds to the logit model of ecological inference of Thomsen (1987), with which it must arrive at conclusions on the individual behavior from aggregated data. To achieve this, the statistical package formulated by Park, Hammer and Biggers (2014) can be obtained. The results show that of the total number of voters, the proportion corresponding to poor suffragants was 34.14% in Chile and 29.11% for Colombia.Seen in another way, of the total of the poor population of each country, in Chile it voted 32.59% while in Colombia it did 31.92%. Both inferences reaffirm the need to reduce inequality to improve participation levels in Latin America....
Lenguaje, acción y virtud en G.E.M. Anscombe
(Universidad de Chile, 2018)
Esta tesis tiene por objeto contribuir a una interpretación de la obra de la filósofa inglesa G.E.M. Anscombe. Propondremos tres ideas-claves para sostener que hay una filosofía unitaria tras sus diversos y variados trabajos, a pesar de las...
Optimización del manejo integral de café verde para la fabricación de café soluble
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
La infección por Helicobacter pylori en niños se asocia a una expresión disminuida de SLC5A8, un gen supresor de cáncer
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
el gen SLC5A8. Este es un gen caracterizado como un supresor de cáncer, debido a esta cualidad nuestro trabajo se focalizó en la caracterización de este gen. SLC5A8 es expresado en la membrana apical de las células del epitelio gástrico y es un...
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacillus that infects half of the population worldwide at some point in life. Several studies have shown that the interaction with H. pylori causes many changes in gene expression in gastric epithelial cells. However, to date all these studies have been performed in adult populations with persistent, symptomatic H. pylori infection or gastric cancer. Research in our laboratory lead to the identification of differential expression of genes in children infected with H. pylori, compared to non-infected children, involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, cell migration and/or activation of the immune system. Of the genes identified, we selected SLC5A8 gene as our focus of attention for this thesis project because of its predicted role as a tumor suppressor and potential connection with cancer genesis upon expression reduction. This transporter is present in the apical membrane of gastric epithelial cells, where it facilitates uptake of short-chain fatty acids, such as butyrate, modulating histone deacetylase function, the potential mechanism for tumor suppression. The hypothesis of this work is “The SLC5A8 expression is diminished during H. pylori infection in children due to hyper-methylation in the promoter region of SLC5A8”. Our main results are (1) H. pylori infection in children is associated with a decrease in SLC5A8 expression, as assessed by qPCR analysis of blood and tissue samples, compared to uninfected children. (2) We observed a trend in the association between reduced expression and hyper-methylation of the promoter region in gastric epithelial tissue. However, more experiments are required to confirm these results. (3) We verified in vitro, in gastric cell lines that SLC5A8 expression is decreased upon infection with H. pylori. (4) Finally, we evaluated in these cells the effect of H. pylori infection on the expression of SLC5A8 effector genes such: p53, p21, COX2, and surviving, showing increased expression for COX2, but an decreased expression in p21. In conclusion, we demonstrated an association between H. pylori infection and decrease expression of SLC5A8 gene, both in vivo, among symptomatic and asymptomatic children, and in vitro, in gastric cell lines. The epigenetic mechanism involved can be a hyper-methylation in the gene promoter of SLC5A8 although more experiments are needed to demonstrate this for sure...
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacillus that infects half of the population worldwide at some point in life. Several studies have shown that the interaction with H. pylori causes many changes in gene expression in gastric epithelial cells. However, to date all these studies have been performed in adult populations with persistent, symptomatic H. pylori infection or gastric cancer. Research in our laboratory lead to the identification of differential expression of genes in children infected with H. pylori, compared to non-infected children, involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, cell migration and/or activation of the immune system. Of the genes identified, we selected SLC5A8 gene as our focus of attention for this thesis project because of its predicted role as a tumor suppressor and potential connection with cancer genesis upon expression reduction. This transporter is present in the apical membrane of gastric epithelial cells, where it facilitates uptake of short-chain fatty acids, such as butyrate, modulating histone deacetylase function, the potential mechanism for tumor suppression. The hypothesis of this work is “The SLC5A8 expression is diminished during H. pylori infection in children due to hyper-methylation in the promoter region of SLC5A8”. Our main results are (1) H. pylori infection in children is associated with a decrease in SLC5A8 expression, as assessed by qPCR analysis of blood and tissue samples, compared to uninfected children. (2) We observed a trend in the association between reduced expression and hyper-methylation of the promoter region in gastric epithelial tissue. However, more experiments are required to confirm these results. (3) We verified in vitro, in gastric cell lines that SLC5A8 expression is decreased upon infection with H. pylori. (4) Finally, we evaluated in these cells the effect of H. pylori infection on the expression of SLC5A8 effector genes such: p53, p21, COX2, and surviving, showing increased expression for COX2, but an decreased expression in p21. In conclusion, we demonstrated an association between H. pylori infection and decrease expression of SLC5A8 gene, both in vivo, among symptomatic and asymptomatic children, and in vitro, in gastric cell lines. The epigenetic mechanism involved can be a hyper-methylation in the gene promoter of SLC5A8 although more experiments are needed to demonstrate this for sure...
Herramienta de focalización para la intervención de políticas sociales - Programa Servicio País
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
seleccionar y priorizar las comunas, localidades y tipos de servicios en las cuales se desarrollan programas de intervención social en el país, en base a metodologías que justifiquen la decisión así como también explicite los criterios utilizados, conciliando...
La Alerta de los Pingüinos: El mensaje político del movimiento secundario de 2006
(Universidad de Chile, 2008-05)
La protesta de estudiantes secundarios y universitarios del 24 de abril de 2008 trajo inevitablemente a la memoria la ya mítica “revolución de los pingüinos”. A dos años del inicio de una de las más grandes e impactantes movilizaciones desde la...