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Sustentabilidad y políticas de vivienda social en el Chile de la Concertación
(Universidad de Chile, 2006-04-25)
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES
ESCUELA DE SOCIOLOGÍA
SUSTENTABILIDAD Y POLÍTICAS DE VIVIENDA SOCIAL
EN EL CHILE DE LA CONCERTACIÓN
Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de...
Sociólogo OSCAR DANIEL JADUE JADUE Profesor Guía: Manuel Vivanco Arancibia Santiago, Chile 2006 ii UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES ESCUELA DE SOCIOLOGÍA SUSTENTABILIDAD Y POLÍTICAS DE VIVIENDA SOCIAL EN EL...
Sociólogo OSCAR DANIEL JADUE JADUE Profesor Guía: Manuel Vivanco Arancibia Santiago, Chile 2006 ii UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES ESCUELA DE SOCIOLOGÍA SUSTENTABILIDAD Y POLÍTICAS DE VIVIENDA SOCIAL EN EL...
CER Centro de Entrenamiento Regional R.M.: plataforma para talentos deportivos
(Universidad de Chile, 2009)
desarrollo físico, nutricional, psicológico,
y de la evaluación científica del rendimiento del
deportista. Si analizamos el programa Centros de
Entrenamiento Regionales nos damos cuenta que
únicamente se basa en la práctica del deporte,
dejando de lado estos...
EQUIPAMIENTO: Deportivo, académico, residencial, recreativo Contenido 1.0 PRESENTACION 2.0 MARCO DE INTERVENCION Memoria proyecto de título 2009 1.1 Introducción 1.2 Motivaciones 1.3 Presentación del tema 2.1 Administración deportiva en Chile 2.1.1 Instituto...
EQUIPAMIENTO: Deportivo, académico, residencial, recreativo Contenido 1.0 PRESENTACION 2.0 MARCO DE INTERVENCION Memoria proyecto de título 2009 1.1 Introducción 1.2 Motivaciones 1.3 Presentación del tema 2.1 Administración deportiva en Chile 2.1.1 Instituto...
Estrategias de sobrevivencia en familias de mujeres. Santiago y Buenos Aires, 2000-2010
(Universidad de Chile, 2014)
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE
Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Escuela de Postgrado
Estrategias de Sobrevivencia en Familias de Mujeres.
Santiago y Buenos Aires, 2000 - 2010.
Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en...
………………………………………………... 79 1. Sobrevivencia y Espacio Doméstico de Mujeres…………………………… 86 2. Doble Carga Laboral en los Grupos Familiares de Mujeres………………. 97 3. Estructuras de Poder Patriarcal y Mercado Neoliberal……………………. 101 4. Maternidad Obligatoria, Discursos y...
………………………………………………... 79 1. Sobrevivencia y Espacio Doméstico de Mujeres…………………………… 86 2. Doble Carga Laboral en los Grupos Familiares de Mujeres………………. 97 3. Estructuras de Poder Patriarcal y Mercado Neoliberal……………………. 101 4. Maternidad Obligatoria, Discursos y...
Rendimiento de niños de 4to. y 8o. básico de dos colegios de Santiago con distinto nivel socioeconómico en una tarea de aprendizaje conceptual espacial-asociativo
(Universidad de Chile, 2011)
Procesos cognitivos complejos permiten la modificación de conductas específicas en niños asociadas con conceptos adquiridos durante el aprendizaje. Este proceso se ve influido por factores como: el desarrollo cognitivo, el interés en reforzamientos...
Complex cognitive processes enable the modification of specific behaviors in children associated with concepts acquired during learning. This process is influenced by several factors, such as: cognitive development, reinforcement, the capability to become adapted to environmental factors, educational level, and type of received education. In Chile this is measured by specific tasks, but nowadays there is few research about scholar´s behavior in more abstract tasks, such as the conceptual spatial-associative learning task, that requires hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation. The aim of this study is to describe the behavioral response of scholar children who learn during the application of this task. In order to reach this objective, we intentionally selected 82 schoolchildren from two educational levels: 4th and 8th from Basic Education, from two types of school: high socioeconomic level and half-low socioeconomic level, between September to December 2011. Results indicate that 35.7 % (n=14) of children learned, reaching a final performance that goes from 57.81% to 99.27%; their average performance by spatial rule goes from 60% to 90%, and they show a gradual acquisition of conceptual learning, as the individual learning curves analyses by using Smith´s State-Space model indicates it. In a group analysis, 8th grade had better final performance and spatial rule performance than 4th grade; associative rule performance in 4th grade was superior than spatial rule; associative rule performance goes from 59% to 94%; spatial rule performance was significantly different between 4th and 8th grade. These results could be explained by cognitive learning factors (major HC development in elderly children, consistency in learning strategies selected trial by trial, attention needed for working memory processing of associations such as shape-shape of figures, shape-location of patterns and pattern-outcome learned) and contextual learning factors (previous virtual reality training, stimulating family). Nevertheless, we cannot discard that children with poor performance have the capabilities to detect the conceptual structure. They could need better learning strategies selection or virtual reality training to be able for enabling learning strategies. In summary, the task is difficult for Chilean children from Basic Education, indicating low levels of conceptual knowledge. These findings constitute a first approximation to future studies of cognitive complex capabilities in school children....
Complex cognitive processes enable the modification of specific behaviors in children associated with concepts acquired during learning. This process is influenced by several factors, such as: cognitive development, reinforcement, the capability to become adapted to environmental factors, educational level, and type of received education. In Chile this is measured by specific tasks, but nowadays there is few research about scholar´s behavior in more abstract tasks, such as the conceptual spatial-associative learning task, that requires hippocampus and ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation. The aim of this study is to describe the behavioral response of scholar children who learn during the application of this task. In order to reach this objective, we intentionally selected 82 schoolchildren from two educational levels: 4th and 8th from Basic Education, from two types of school: high socioeconomic level and half-low socioeconomic level, between September to December 2011. Results indicate that 35.7 % (n=14) of children learned, reaching a final performance that goes from 57.81% to 99.27%; their average performance by spatial rule goes from 60% to 90%, and they show a gradual acquisition of conceptual learning, as the individual learning curves analyses by using Smith´s State-Space model indicates it. In a group analysis, 8th grade had better final performance and spatial rule performance than 4th grade; associative rule performance in 4th grade was superior than spatial rule; associative rule performance goes from 59% to 94%; spatial rule performance was significantly different between 4th and 8th grade. These results could be explained by cognitive learning factors (major HC development in elderly children, consistency in learning strategies selected trial by trial, attention needed for working memory processing of associations such as shape-shape of figures, shape-location of patterns and pattern-outcome learned) and contextual learning factors (previous virtual reality training, stimulating family). Nevertheless, we cannot discard that children with poor performance have the capabilities to detect the conceptual structure. They could need better learning strategies selection or virtual reality training to be able for enabling learning strategies. In summary, the task is difficult for Chilean children from Basic Education, indicating low levels of conceptual knowledge. These findings constitute a first approximation to future studies of cognitive complex capabilities in school children....
FI+D indumentaria femenina para el transporte de insumos de diabetes tipo 1 al hacer actividad física recreativa
(Universidad de Chile, 2020)
calidad de vida de las personas. Inicialmente se parte
investigando acerca de problemas emocionales y de ansiedad que
se generan en distintas patologías crónicas, los cuales se dan en
niños y adolescentes principalmente. Posteriormente se decide...
dia- betes tipo 1 podrían deteriorar el estado de salud de las personas. En un principio, se comienza por enfocar la investigación hacia el grupo etario de los adolescentes, ya que según la información obtenida de las primeras entrevistas a expertos...
dia- betes tipo 1 podrían deteriorar el estado de salud de las personas. En un principio, se comienza por enfocar la investigación hacia el grupo etario de los adolescentes, ya que según la información obtenida de las primeras entrevistas a expertos...
El videoclip: Relación rítmico - visual y su narrativa aplicada a la puesta en escena.
(Universidad de Chile, 2018)
EL VIDEOCLIP
Relación rítmico-visual y su narrativa aplicada a la Puesta en
Escena
Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Artes
Mención: Dirección Teatral
HERNÁN EMERSON VELÁSQUEZ GONZÁLEZ...
Profesor guía: Marco Espinoza Quezada Santiago de Chile, 2018 UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE ARTES ESCUELA DE POSGRADO ii AGRADECIMIENTOS A Sofía y Maribel, por contribuir en la construcción de lo que hoy soy. A ti, Nelson, por el...
Profesor guía: Marco Espinoza Quezada Santiago de Chile, 2018 UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE ARTES ESCUELA DE POSGRADO ii AGRADECIMIENTOS A Sofía y Maribel, por contribuir en la construcción de lo que hoy soy. A ti, Nelson, por el...
Optimización del programa arquitectónico de la Junji para el aumento de cobertura 2014-2018. Una propuesta desde el enfoque del hábitat educativo inicial
(Universidad de Chile, 2015)
En esta investigación aplicada se describe la optimización del programa arquitectónico (PA) que la JUNJI utiliza en el aumento de cobertura planificado para los años 2014-2018. Este proceso se llevó a cabo desde la perspectiva del Hábitat Educativo...
Control de la musculatura axial en escaladores deportivos: ¿determinante de rendimiento?
(Universidad de Chile, 2017)
musculatura axial maximiza las cadenas cinéticas de las extremidades, permitiendo la generación máxima de fuerza y precisión a nivel distal (Kibler, Press, & Sciascia, 2006). Investigaciones en relación a dicho grupo muscular en diversas disciplinas han...
Trunk and core muscles are the anatomical and functional base for extremities movements during daily and sport activities (Calatayud et al., 2015). Control of the axial musculature of body maximizes the kinetic chains of extremities, allowing the maximum stability, precision and force production at distal level (Kibler, Press, & Sciascia, 2006). Research related to trunk and core control has suggest their rol over performance in several sports. (Filipa, Byrnes, Paterno, Gregory, & Hewett, 2012; Gowan, Jobe, Tibone, Perry, & Moynes, 1987; Lephart, Smoliga, Myers, Sell, & Tsai, 2005; Tantawi, 2011; Torres-Ronda, Sánchez-Medina, & González-Badillo, 2011). By the other hand, research related to climbing performance field has stablish its relation with different variables, such as: hand grip strength (V. España-Romero et al., 2009; Mermier, Janot, Parker, & Swan, 2000; Watts, 2004), fingers strength (MacLeod et al., 2007) and body fat percent of climbers (Puletić & Stanković, 2014; Watts, Joubert, Lish, Mast, & Wilkins, 2003; Watts, 2004). References to trunk/core control can be found in several climbing training books (Hague & Hunter, 2013; MacLeod, 2012) and investigations during the last decade had proved the effects of climbing over axial musculature (Grzybowski, Donath, & Wagner, 2014; Heitkamp, Wörner, & Horstmann, 2005; Muehlbauer, Granacher, Jockel, & Kittel, 2013; Muehlbauer, Stuerchler, & Granacher, 2012). However, research exploring if this particular skill could enhance climbing performance, to the best of our knowledge, has never been performed. The present research project assessed the role of axial musculature control over climbing performance through the measure of electromyographic activity of bilateral trapezius tranversus, anterior serratus, erector spinae and rectus abdominis during for 4 tasks: the first one called 1 maximum repetition of upper extremities (1-RMTS). The remaining ones, three balance tasks above a force plate: bipedal stance with open eyes, bipedal stance with closed eyes and unipedal stance with open eyes. The working hypothesis posed that climbers of higher level of performance will present highers level of muscular recruitment during these tasks. Complementary, anthropometric profile, body composition and hand grip strengths were measured. Thirty climbers (9, 11 y 10 intermediate, advanced and elite climbers, respectively) participated in the study. The mean (SD) related to climbing experience, weigth and height were 8,6 (4,67) years, 66,05 (6,34) kg. and 172,82 (5,74) cms., respectively. For the second stage of measurements, 2 climbers withdrew from the study due to shoulder injury (1) and irregular climbing practice (1). Among variables of stage 1, elite climbers showed higher level of upper extremity strength than intermediate climbers during 1-RMTS. None differences were found related to body fat percent and hand grip strength. Among variables of stage 2, none differences were found related to axial musculature recruitment and posturography performance during the tasks. Nevertheless, during the 1-RMTS the recruitment data showed that lower axial muscles (erector spinae and rectus abdominis) were proportionally more recruited than upper axial muscles (trapezius tranversus and anterior serratus) inside the three climbers categories. Among variables of stage 1, highlights the lack of assosiation of climbing performance with body fat percent and hand grip strength. In regard to body fat percent, the utilization of highly accurate techniques as dual energy x-ray absorciometry or consensus protocols as the Deborah Kerr body composition estimation besides the categorization of climbers using the last consensus of the International Rock Climbing Research Assosiation appears as strengths of the present study and will allow to compare future research exploring the real burden of body composition over climbing performance. The utilization of a non specific climbing test, as the Jamar dynamometer, could expleain the lack of assosiation between climbing performance and hand grip strength among groups. The higher performance of elite climbers during the 1-RMTS support the evidence of a higher power and strenght of upper extremities among this group of athletes. Reliability measurements are necesary to propose this test for climbers assessment and training monitoring. In regard to muscular recruitment, the lack of differences among groups do not support the working hypothesis. Nevertheless, highers level of recruitment of lower muscles (erector spinae and rectus abdominis) counterbalanced against upper muscles (trapezius tranversus and anterior serratus) during the 1-RMTS supports the role of core stability during climbing as in other sports, opening new possibilities of research (sub-maximal tasks, real climbing tasks). The sensitivity of the tasks, the natural limitations of the surface electromyography and the sample size appears as limitations of the present study. The integration of different movement assesment techniques during real climbing tasks, the addition of neural components of motor control assesment and a higher number of participants would improve the scopes of the measurements....
Trunk and core muscles are the anatomical and functional base for extremities movements during daily and sport activities (Calatayud et al., 2015). Control of the axial musculature of body maximizes the kinetic chains of extremities, allowing the maximum stability, precision and force production at distal level (Kibler, Press, & Sciascia, 2006). Research related to trunk and core control has suggest their rol over performance in several sports. (Filipa, Byrnes, Paterno, Gregory, & Hewett, 2012; Gowan, Jobe, Tibone, Perry, & Moynes, 1987; Lephart, Smoliga, Myers, Sell, & Tsai, 2005; Tantawi, 2011; Torres-Ronda, Sánchez-Medina, & González-Badillo, 2011). By the other hand, research related to climbing performance field has stablish its relation with different variables, such as: hand grip strength (V. España-Romero et al., 2009; Mermier, Janot, Parker, & Swan, 2000; Watts, 2004), fingers strength (MacLeod et al., 2007) and body fat percent of climbers (Puletić & Stanković, 2014; Watts, Joubert, Lish, Mast, & Wilkins, 2003; Watts, 2004). References to trunk/core control can be found in several climbing training books (Hague & Hunter, 2013; MacLeod, 2012) and investigations during the last decade had proved the effects of climbing over axial musculature (Grzybowski, Donath, & Wagner, 2014; Heitkamp, Wörner, & Horstmann, 2005; Muehlbauer, Granacher, Jockel, & Kittel, 2013; Muehlbauer, Stuerchler, & Granacher, 2012). However, research exploring if this particular skill could enhance climbing performance, to the best of our knowledge, has never been performed. The present research project assessed the role of axial musculature control over climbing performance through the measure of electromyographic activity of bilateral trapezius tranversus, anterior serratus, erector spinae and rectus abdominis during for 4 tasks: the first one called 1 maximum repetition of upper extremities (1-RMTS). The remaining ones, three balance tasks above a force plate: bipedal stance with open eyes, bipedal stance with closed eyes and unipedal stance with open eyes. The working hypothesis posed that climbers of higher level of performance will present highers level of muscular recruitment during these tasks. Complementary, anthropometric profile, body composition and hand grip strengths were measured. Thirty climbers (9, 11 y 10 intermediate, advanced and elite climbers, respectively) participated in the study. The mean (SD) related to climbing experience, weigth and height were 8,6 (4,67) years, 66,05 (6,34) kg. and 172,82 (5,74) cms., respectively. For the second stage of measurements, 2 climbers withdrew from the study due to shoulder injury (1) and irregular climbing practice (1). Among variables of stage 1, elite climbers showed higher level of upper extremity strength than intermediate climbers during 1-RMTS. None differences were found related to body fat percent and hand grip strength. Among variables of stage 2, none differences were found related to axial musculature recruitment and posturography performance during the tasks. Nevertheless, during the 1-RMTS the recruitment data showed that lower axial muscles (erector spinae and rectus abdominis) were proportionally more recruited than upper axial muscles (trapezius tranversus and anterior serratus) inside the three climbers categories. Among variables of stage 1, highlights the lack of assosiation of climbing performance with body fat percent and hand grip strength. In regard to body fat percent, the utilization of highly accurate techniques as dual energy x-ray absorciometry or consensus protocols as the Deborah Kerr body composition estimation besides the categorization of climbers using the last consensus of the International Rock Climbing Research Assosiation appears as strengths of the present study and will allow to compare future research exploring the real burden of body composition over climbing performance. The utilization of a non specific climbing test, as the Jamar dynamometer, could expleain the lack of assosiation between climbing performance and hand grip strength among groups. The higher performance of elite climbers during the 1-RMTS support the evidence of a higher power and strenght of upper extremities among this group of athletes. Reliability measurements are necesary to propose this test for climbers assessment and training monitoring. In regard to muscular recruitment, the lack of differences among groups do not support the working hypothesis. Nevertheless, highers level of recruitment of lower muscles (erector spinae and rectus abdominis) counterbalanced against upper muscles (trapezius tranversus and anterior serratus) during the 1-RMTS supports the role of core stability during climbing as in other sports, opening new possibilities of research (sub-maximal tasks, real climbing tasks). The sensitivity of the tasks, the natural limitations of the surface electromyography and the sample size appears as limitations of the present study. The integration of different movement assesment techniques during real climbing tasks, the addition of neural components of motor control assesment and a higher number of participants would improve the scopes of the measurements....
Malestar en la maternidad: una aproximación a algunas constricciones culturales al psiquismo materno a propósito de tres conflictivas asociadas a la depresión postparto
(Universidad de Chile, 2014-03)
En el presente trabajo se propone que el culto mariano y el discurso médico son factores culturales que constriñen al psiquismo de las mujeres que se encuentran en proceso de transformarse en madres, facilitando la generación de ciertas conflictivas...
Criterios de medición de excelencia del recurso humano en la atención primaria de salud. Caso: Chile
(Universidad de Chile, 2015)
La transición entre el modelo biomedico al un modelo biopsicosocial, Salud Familiar y Comunitario ha conllevado una serie de desafíos. Uno de estos, es la certificación de consultorios en Centro de Salud Familiar. Esta certificación evalúa aspectos...