Determinants of Cognitive Development of Low SES Children in Chile: A Post-transitional Country with Rising Childhood Obesity Rates
Author
dc.contributor.author
Galván, Marcos
Author
dc.contributor.author
Uauy Dagach-Imbarack, Ricardo
es_CL
Author
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Corvalán Aguilar, Camila
es_CL
Author
dc.contributor.author
López Rodríguez, Guadalupe
es_CL
Author
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Kain Berkovic, Juliana
es_CL
Admission date
dc.date.accessioned
2014-01-28T18:30:54Z
Available date
dc.date.available
2014-01-28T18:30:54Z
Publication date
dc.date.issued
2013
Cita de ítem
dc.identifier.citation
Matern Child Health J (2013) 17:1243–1251
en_US
Identifier
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DOI 10.1007/s10995-012-1121-9
Identifier
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https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/124079
General note
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Artículo de publicación ISI
en_US
Abstract
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Studies conducted in developing countries have
noted associations between concurrent stunting, socialemotional
problems and poor cognitive ability in young
children. However, the relative contribution of these variables
in Latin America is likely changing as undernutrition
rates decline and prevalence of childhood obesity rises. We
conducted a cross-sectional study of 106 normal-weight
and 109 obese preschool children to compare the relative
contribution of early nutrition, sociodemographic factors
and psychosocial variables on cognitive development in
normal-weight and obese preschool children in Chile. The
study variables were categorized as: (1) socio-demographic
(age, sex, birth order and socioeconomic) (2) early nutrition
(maternal height, birth weight, birth length and height
at 5 years) (3) psychosocial factors (maternal depression,
social-emotional wellbeing and home space sufficiency).
In order to assess determinants of cognitive development at
4–5 years we measured intelligence quotient (IQ); variability
in normal children was mostly explained by sociodemographic
characteristics (r2 = 0.26), while in obese
children early nutritional factors had a significant effect
(r2 = 0.12) beyond socio-demographic factors (r2 = 0.19).
Normal-weight children, who were first born, of slightly
better SES and height Z score[1, had an IQ C 6 points
greater than their counterparts (p\0.05). Obese children
who were first born with birth weight[4,000 g and low
risk of socio-emotional problems had on average C5 IQ
points greater than their peers (p\0.05). We conclude that
in Chile, a post-transitional country, IQ variability of normal
children was mostly explained by socio-demographic
characteristics; while in obese children, early nutrition also
played a significant role.