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Language acquisition in premature and full-term infants

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2010-02-23
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Peña, Marcela
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Language acquisition in premature and full-term infants
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Author
  • Peña, Marcela;
  • Pittaluga, Enrica;
  • Mehler, Jacques;
Abstract
We tested healthy preterm (born near 28 ± 2 weeks of gestational age) and full-term infants at various different ages. We compared the two populations on the development of a language acquisition landmark, namely, the ability to distinguish the native language from a rhythmically similar one. This ability is attained 4 months after birth in healthy full-term infants. We measured the induced gamma-band power associated with passive listening to (i) the infants’ native language (Spanish), (ii) a rhythmically close language (Italian), and (iii) a rhythmically distant language (Japanese) as a marker of gains in language discrimination. Preterm and full-term infants were matched for neural maturation and duration of exposure to broadcast speech.Wefound that both full-term and preterm infants only display a response to native speech near 6 months after their term age. Neural maturation seems to constrain advances in speech discrimination at early stages of language acquisition.
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M.P. was supported by a grant from Fondecyt (Grant 1060767) and Conicyt-PBCT (Grant CIAE-05). J.M. was supported by a grant from the James S. McDonnell Foundation.
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URI: https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/124415
DOI: doi/10.1073/pnas.0914326107
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS February 23, 2010 vol. 107 no. 8 3823-3828
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