Folic Acid Supplementation during Pregnancy Induces Sex-Specific Changes in Methylation and Expression of Placental 11 beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 in Rats
Author
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Peñailillo, Reyna
Author
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Guajardo, Angélica
Author
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Llanos Silva, Miguel
Author
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Hirsch Birn, Sandra
Author
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Ronco Macchiavello, Ana María
Admission date
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2015-08-26T13:27:51Z
Available date
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2015-08-26T13:27:51Z
Publication date
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2015
Cita de ítem
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Plos one. Volumen: 10 Número: 3 Mar 2015
en_US
Identifier
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DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121098
Identifier
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https://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/133175
General note
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Artículo de publicación ISI
en_US
Abstract
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In the placenta, 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11 beta-HSD2) limits fetal glucocorticoid exposure and its inhibition has been associated to low birth weight. Its expression, encoded by the HSD11B2 gene is regulated by DNA methylation. We hypothesized that maternal diets supplemented with folic acid (FA) during pregnancy modify the expression of placental HSD11B2 through gene methylation. Wistar rats were fed with high (8 mg/kg) or normal low (1mg/kg, control) levels of FA during pregnancy. Concentrations of mRNA and protein in placentas were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blot respectively. Methylation in five CpG sites of the placental HSD11B2 promoter (-378 to -275) was analyzed by bacterial cloning and subsequent sequencing. In the FA-supplemented group, mRNA and protein levels of 11 beta-HSD2 decreased by 58% and increased by 89%, respectively, only in placentas attached to males. In controls, most CpG sites were not methylated except for the CpG2 site which was 80% methylated. CpG2 methylation level increased under the FA treatment; however, only in placentas attached to females was this increase significant (113%). This change was not related to HSD11B2 expression. Fetal weight of females from FA-supplemented mothers was 6% higher than females from control mothers. In conclusion, this is the first study reporting that FA over supplementation during pregnancy modifies the placental HSD11B2 gene expression and methylation in a sex-dependent manner, suggesting that maternal diets with high content of FA can induce early sex-specific responses, which may lead to long-term consequences for the offspring.
en_US
Patrocinador
dc.description.sponsorship
Fondo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Gobierno de Chile (Fondecyt)
1130188
Folic Acid Supplementation during Pregnancy Induces Sex-Specific Changes in Methylation and Expression of Placental 11 beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 2 in Rats