Advanced Search
Now showing items 1-10 of 2201
Estrés académico en tiempos de pandemia COVID-19 : un estudio descriptivo, a diez meses de educación remota en estudiantes de segundo y tercer año de enfermería de la Universidad de O´Higgins año 2020
(Universidad de Chile, 2021)
presencial.
El estrés académico es un fenómeno presente en el quehacer universitario. Ante el
contexto de emergencia sanitaria y los cambios producidos en la forma de recibir y
realizar educación se hace necesario investigar el impacto en la salud mental...
COVID-19 pandemic supposed an unprecedented scenery for education. The situation forced campus to close globally, in a challenge for students and academics, and remote education was stablished as an alternative to education in the classroom. Academic stress is a phenomenon present in the university endeavours. In front of the sanitary emergency context and the changes produced in the way of receiving and conducting education it is necessary to research the impact on the students’ mental health. Objective: To describe the self-perceived academic stress, identifying the intervening stressing factors, symptoms, and coping mechanisms in students from second and third years of the nursing school, year 2020, from Universidad de O’Higgins (UOH), after living with confinement and remote education, as a result from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methodology: Quantitative design, of descriptive type, data was obtained through the systemic cognoscitive inventory (SISCO) of academic stress, 10 months from the pandemic beginning. Students from second and third years of the nursing school in UOH, year 2020, participated, 103 students from 132 answered, age mean is 20,7 years old. Results: 97,1 % expressed having concern or nervousness always or almost always and signalled out the pandemic and virtual educations as the events that affected them the most. Numbers were significantly higher in women, and there were no differences by year. It is not clear the relation between academic performance perception and stress level, whichever is the performance perception, mostly, it is regular. Conclusion: Stress level in the students is high, where women are noteworthy....
COVID-19 pandemic supposed an unprecedented scenery for education. The situation forced campus to close globally, in a challenge for students and academics, and remote education was stablished as an alternative to education in the classroom. Academic stress is a phenomenon present in the university endeavours. In front of the sanitary emergency context and the changes produced in the way of receiving and conducting education it is necessary to research the impact on the students’ mental health. Objective: To describe the self-perceived academic stress, identifying the intervening stressing factors, symptoms, and coping mechanisms in students from second and third years of the nursing school, year 2020, from Universidad de O’Higgins (UOH), after living with confinement and remote education, as a result from the COVID-19 Pandemic. Methodology: Quantitative design, of descriptive type, data was obtained through the systemic cognoscitive inventory (SISCO) of academic stress, 10 months from the pandemic beginning. Students from second and third years of the nursing school in UOH, year 2020, participated, 103 students from 132 answered, age mean is 20,7 years old. Results: 97,1 % expressed having concern or nervousness always or almost always and signalled out the pandemic and virtual educations as the events that affected them the most. Numbers were significantly higher in women, and there were no differences by year. It is not clear the relation between academic performance perception and stress level, whichever is the performance perception, mostly, it is regular. Conclusion: Stress level in the students is high, where women are noteworthy....
Relación del estres con rendimiento académico en la carrera de odontología de la Universidad de Chile
(Universidad de Chile., 2009)
1
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE
FACULTAD DE ODONTOLOGIA
DEPARTAMENTO DEL NIÑO Y ORTOPEDIA DENTOMAXILAR
AREA CIENCIAS DEL COMPORTAMIENTO
“Relación del estrés con rendimiento
académico en la carrera de...
……………………………………………………………... 6 3.2 Estrés Académico…………………………………………………………………. 9 3.3 Estrés académico en el proceso formativo del odontólogo…………………… 11 3.4 Estrés y rendimiento académico………………………………………………….17 4. Hipótesis y Objetivos……………………………………………………………. 20 4...
……………………………………………………………... 6 3.2 Estrés Académico…………………………………………………………………. 9 3.3 Estrés académico en el proceso formativo del odontólogo…………………… 11 3.4 Estrés y rendimiento académico………………………………………………….17 4. Hipótesis y Objetivos……………………………………………………………. 20 4...
Acoplamiento espacial entre el retículo endoplásmico y la red mitocondrial durante el estrés de retículo endoplásmico
(Universidad de ChileCyberDocs, 2009)
Efecto del antidepresivo desipramina sobre marcadores hipocampales asociados a la resiliencia celular
(Universidad de ChilePrograma Cybertesis, 2007)
sugiere la participación de los mecanismos de respuesta al estrés en los desórdenes depresivos. La respuesta al estrés se encuentra bajo el control del eje Hipotálamo-Hipófisis-Suprarrenal (HHS), el cual regula la secreción de Glucocorticoides (GCs...
Aparición del Síndrome de Burnout asociado a la rutina ocupacional de académicos/as universitarios/as
(2018)
routine of University Academics
Carla Frías Ortega, Pamela Gutiérrez, Alejandra Espinosa, Sandra Mella,
Vivian Villarroel y Rodolfo Morrison.
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile
Resumen: El estrés en académicos/as es un problema a nivel global...
: control del estrés y trastornos asociados. Madrid: Editorial Dykinson, 1995. 178 Políticas Públicas para la Equidad Social Las condiciones de trabajo y de salud son los factores inexplorados del desempeño académico, no obstante, se ha detectado la...
: control del estrés y trastornos asociados. Madrid: Editorial Dykinson, 1995. 178 Políticas Públicas para la Equidad Social Las condiciones de trabajo y de salud son los factores inexplorados del desempeño académico, no obstante, se ha detectado la...
La administración intraovárica de Huperzina-A revierte las alteraciones en la función ovárica inducidas por estrés en ratas adultas
(Universidad de Chile, 2019)
UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS QUÍMICAS Y FARMACÉUTICAS
LA ADMINISTRACIÓN INTRAOVÁRICA DE HUPERZINA-A
REVIERTE LAS ALTERACIONES EN LA FUNCIÓN OVÁRICA
INDUCIDAS POR ESTRÉS EN RATAS ADULTAS...
. Tesis presentada a la Universidad de Chile para optar al grado académico de Doctor en Farmacología Por RAÚL CRISTÓBAL RIQUELME NECULPAN Director de Tesis: Dr. Hernán Lara Peñaloza Santiago-CHILE Octubre 2019 II...
. Tesis presentada a la Universidad de Chile para optar al grado académico de Doctor en Farmacología Por RAÚL CRISTÓBAL RIQUELME NECULPAN Director de Tesis: Dr. Hernán Lara Peñaloza Santiago-CHILE Octubre 2019 II...
Estrés de retículo endoplásmico : una nueva vía para activar la autofagia mediada por chaperona
(Universidad de ChileCyberDocs, 2008)
altera la homeostasis del Retículo Endoplásmico se produce una acumulación de proteínas mal plegadas en su lumen. Como respuesta a este estrés se activa una vía de señalización RE-núcleo, en la que se bloquea la expresión general, aumenta la expresión de...
To maintain the integrity, cells must control the quantity and quality of the proteins. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is the organelle where all transmembrane protein and the most secretory protein are synthesized. Disturbances in the ER homeostasis lead to the accumulation of disfolding proteins in its lumen. In response to this stress a reticulum-nucleus signaling pathway is activated, inducing the selective expression of some genes (i.e. those related to chaperones) and the stimulation of proteolytic systems, including proteasome and macroautophagy. The removal of the calcium reticulum, necessary for the correct protein folding, produces ER stress. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is another proteolytic system that requires the action of cytosolic chaperones to select, unfold and pull the unfolded substrate into the lysosomes. Its principal actors are the lysosomal receptor Lamp2A and the chaperone Hsc70. CMA is activated by long serum deprivation and oxidative stress. However it remains unknown whether CMA is stimulated during the ER stress, which it is the main aim of this thesis. The NIH3T3 cells were the study model used. In these cells, Thapsigargin (TG) induces ER stress through the removal ER calcium. Western blot showed an increase in the Chop level, a classic ER stress transcriptional factor. TG didn’t stimulate cell death but arrested cell cycle at G1 stage. This was showed through FACS, using propidium iodide dye. Immunocytochemistry and western blot studies showed that TG increases the Lamp2A total levels. Another observation is the increase of Lamp2A level in the lysosomal fraction. Also, we have seen increases in the hsc70 localization in to the lysosomal fraction. These events, the rise in Lamp2A levels and Hsc70 lysosomal localization, previously have being related with an increase in the CMA activity. Constitutive Lamp2A-siRNA cells, CMA deficient cells, increased basal macroautophagy. Also this macroautophagy compensation is most important during ER stress. The higher macroautophagy activity was associated with low expression of Chop, showing a probable degradation the Chop by macroautophagy. ATG5 knock out cells, macroautophagy deficient cells, showed an increase in the Lamp2A total levels. This cells revealing a compensatory effect of the CMA when the macroautophagy is inactive. However, TG produces a decrease of the levels of Lamp2A.This unexpected behavior is probably related to the proteasome activation. In synthesis, this tesis show by the first time the CMA activation during ER stress. This activation is related to the total Lamp2A increase, only before seen in oxidative stress. Also we show the connection between the proteolytic pathways in the unfolding protein degradation, during ER stress...
To maintain the integrity, cells must control the quantity and quality of the proteins. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is the organelle where all transmembrane protein and the most secretory protein are synthesized. Disturbances in the ER homeostasis lead to the accumulation of disfolding proteins in its lumen. In response to this stress a reticulum-nucleus signaling pathway is activated, inducing the selective expression of some genes (i.e. those related to chaperones) and the stimulation of proteolytic systems, including proteasome and macroautophagy. The removal of the calcium reticulum, necessary for the correct protein folding, produces ER stress. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is another proteolytic system that requires the action of cytosolic chaperones to select, unfold and pull the unfolded substrate into the lysosomes. Its principal actors are the lysosomal receptor Lamp2A and the chaperone Hsc70. CMA is activated by long serum deprivation and oxidative stress. However it remains unknown whether CMA is stimulated during the ER stress, which it is the main aim of this thesis. The NIH3T3 cells were the study model used. In these cells, Thapsigargin (TG) induces ER stress through the removal ER calcium. Western blot showed an increase in the Chop level, a classic ER stress transcriptional factor. TG didn’t stimulate cell death but arrested cell cycle at G1 stage. This was showed through FACS, using propidium iodide dye. Immunocytochemistry and western blot studies showed that TG increases the Lamp2A total levels. Another observation is the increase of Lamp2A level in the lysosomal fraction. Also, we have seen increases in the hsc70 localization in to the lysosomal fraction. These events, the rise in Lamp2A levels and Hsc70 lysosomal localization, previously have being related with an increase in the CMA activity. Constitutive Lamp2A-siRNA cells, CMA deficient cells, increased basal macroautophagy. Also this macroautophagy compensation is most important during ER stress. The higher macroautophagy activity was associated with low expression of Chop, showing a probable degradation the Chop by macroautophagy. ATG5 knock out cells, macroautophagy deficient cells, showed an increase in the Lamp2A total levels. This cells revealing a compensatory effect of the CMA when the macroautophagy is inactive. However, TG produces a decrease of the levels of Lamp2A.This unexpected behavior is probably related to the proteasome activation. In synthesis, this tesis show by the first time the CMA activation during ER stress. This activation is related to the total Lamp2A increase, only before seen in oxidative stress. Also we show the connection between the proteolytic pathways in the unfolding protein degradation, during ER stress...
Efecto del estrés gestacional sobre los cambios en los receptores [beta]-adrenérgicos cardíacos durante el desarrollo de ratas hembras y sus consecuencias a nivel cardiovascular y metabólico
(Universidad de Chile, 2016)
El estrés está definido como cualquier estímulo capaz de alterar la homeostasis del organismo, es una reacción fisiológica necesaria para la supervivencia y es la forma que posee el organismo para afrontar una situación agobiante y/o amenazadora...
Stress is defined as any stimulus capable of altering the homeostasis of the organism, it is a physiological reaction necessary for survival and is the way that has the organism to face a threatening and/or overwhelming situation. Faced with a stressful situation, the organism reacts by generating a sympathomimetic response known as the “fight or flight response”, resulting in an increase in norepinephrine release. All living organisms are moldable during pregnancy and their first moments of life. This allows them to adapt to the environment around them not bound exclusively to their genetic charge. The gestation period is particularly sensitive to a stress situation capable of modifying the fetal environment, which can cause a permanent adaptation on the postnatal development; this is known as fetal programming. Close relationships between various diseases and fetal environment has been found. Among them there are relations between low birth weight with an increase in deaths from coronary diseases, insulin intolerance and increase in blood pressure in adulthood. Our objective was to determine the effect produced by chronic cold stress treatments (4°C/3h/day) applied during the entire period of pregnancy in Sprague-Dawley rats on placental norepinephrine transporters, cardiac β-adrenergic receptors and changes on cardiovascular and metabolic function in the female offspring. An increase in norepinephrine and corticosterone concentrations on plasma of stressed pregnant rats with a decrease in the functionality of placental norepinephrine transporters was observed. No changes were observed in the weight of pregnant rats, however an increase in the weight of pups was found prenatally. In addition, females of 20 days old of the stressed progeny, presented an increase in the ratio of the cardiac β1/β2-adrenergic receptors, and at 60 days old, a decrease in the affinity of these receptors was apparent. An increase in the cardiac cells areas and perimeters along with an increase in the weight of their hearts was also found at 60 days old. To determine what was happening with the functionality of these hearts, we exposed the adult females to a chronic adrenergic overload (administration of a daily subcutaneous isoproterenol injection with 125 μg/kg of weight/10 days). The chronic overload of adrenergic stimulation provoked an increase in the presence of premature beats causing death to 40% of the females pups. To determine possible programming of metabolic effects of prenatal stress, a tolerance glucose test (oral administration of 2g of glucose/kg of weight of a 40% solution) was performed. Results demonstrated that gestational stress programmed a metabolic disturbance that was expressed in the adult progeny, founding insulin resistance in adult females. Therefore, the increase in maternal plasma norepinephrine concentration provoked by the exposure to chronic cold stress during all gestation period caused a decrease in the functionality of the placental norepinephrine transporters. This would be the cause to program the fetus for an increased sensitivity to a chronic adrenergic overload (40% of death) together with the presence of insulin resistance in adult females...
Stress is defined as any stimulus capable of altering the homeostasis of the organism, it is a physiological reaction necessary for survival and is the way that has the organism to face a threatening and/or overwhelming situation. Faced with a stressful situation, the organism reacts by generating a sympathomimetic response known as the “fight or flight response”, resulting in an increase in norepinephrine release. All living organisms are moldable during pregnancy and their first moments of life. This allows them to adapt to the environment around them not bound exclusively to their genetic charge. The gestation period is particularly sensitive to a stress situation capable of modifying the fetal environment, which can cause a permanent adaptation on the postnatal development; this is known as fetal programming. Close relationships between various diseases and fetal environment has been found. Among them there are relations between low birth weight with an increase in deaths from coronary diseases, insulin intolerance and increase in blood pressure in adulthood. Our objective was to determine the effect produced by chronic cold stress treatments (4°C/3h/day) applied during the entire period of pregnancy in Sprague-Dawley rats on placental norepinephrine transporters, cardiac β-adrenergic receptors and changes on cardiovascular and metabolic function in the female offspring. An increase in norepinephrine and corticosterone concentrations on plasma of stressed pregnant rats with a decrease in the functionality of placental norepinephrine transporters was observed. No changes were observed in the weight of pregnant rats, however an increase in the weight of pups was found prenatally. In addition, females of 20 days old of the stressed progeny, presented an increase in the ratio of the cardiac β1/β2-adrenergic receptors, and at 60 days old, a decrease in the affinity of these receptors was apparent. An increase in the cardiac cells areas and perimeters along with an increase in the weight of their hearts was also found at 60 days old. To determine what was happening with the functionality of these hearts, we exposed the adult females to a chronic adrenergic overload (administration of a daily subcutaneous isoproterenol injection with 125 μg/kg of weight/10 days). The chronic overload of adrenergic stimulation provoked an increase in the presence of premature beats causing death to 40% of the females pups. To determine possible programming of metabolic effects of prenatal stress, a tolerance glucose test (oral administration of 2g of glucose/kg of weight of a 40% solution) was performed. Results demonstrated that gestational stress programmed a metabolic disturbance that was expressed in the adult progeny, founding insulin resistance in adult females. Therefore, the increase in maternal plasma norepinephrine concentration provoked by the exposure to chronic cold stress during all gestation period caused a decrease in the functionality of the placental norepinephrine transporters. This would be the cause to program the fetus for an increased sensitivity to a chronic adrenergic overload (40% of death) together with the presence of insulin resistance in adult females...
Moviendo el estrés: comparación de satisfacción y estrés entre ciclistas y usuarios del Transantiago
(Universidad de Chile, 2018-12)
Trabajo que aborda de manera explorativa y cuasi-experimental la comparación de satisfacción con el medio de transporte, estrés percibido y estrés fisiológico crónico entre ciclistas y usuarios del Transantiago en una muestra de estudiantes de...
Relación entre los puntajes de ansiedad y depresión autorreportados, autoeficacia, percepción de apoyo social y hormona ACTH durante el primer trimestre de embarazo
(Universidad de Chile, 2018-12)
perception, ACTH levels.
PALABRAS CLAVE
HADS, Autoeficacia, Apoyo Social, Autopercepción, niveles ACTH.
INTRODUCCIÓN
El estrés, es la respuesta que despliega el organismo frente a las variaciones del medio
interno y externo (Selye, 1998). Esta respuesta...
potencialmente dañina (McEwen & Wingfield, 2003). Cuando el estrés se vuelve crónico, conduce a problemas de salud que afectan a un importante número y variedad de personas (Ceccato, Kudielka, & Schwieren, 2016). El embarazo, puede estar asociado con...
potencialmente dañina (McEwen & Wingfield, 2003). Cuando el estrés se vuelve crónico, conduce a problemas de salud que afectan a un importante número y variedad de personas (Ceccato, Kudielka, & Schwieren, 2016). El embarazo, puede estar asociado con...