Docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids as neuroprotective nutrients throughout the life cycle
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2021Metadata
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Sambra Vásquez, Verónica Marcela
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Docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids as neuroprotective nutrients throughout the life cycle
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Abstract
The role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in neurogenesis and brain
development throughout the life cycle is fundamental. DHA and AA are long-chain polyunsaturated
fatty acids (LCPUFA) vital for many human physiological processes, such as signaling pathways, gene
expression, structure and function of membranes, among others. DHA and AA are deposited into the
lipids of cell membranes that form the gray matter representing approximately 25% of the total content
of brain fatty acids. Both fatty acids have effects on neuronal growth and differentiation through the
modulation of the physical properties of neuronal membranes, signal transduction associated with
G proteins, and gene expression. DHA and AA have a relevant role in neuroprotection against neurodegenerative
pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, which are associated
with characteristic pathological expressions as mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and
oxidative stress. The present review analyzes the neuroprotective role of DHA and AA in the extreme
stages of life, emphasizing the importance of these LCPUFA during the first year of life and in the
developing/prevention of neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging.
Patrocinador
Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico (National Fund for Scientific and Technological Research)
Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT)
CONICYT FONDECYT
University of Chile
University of Toronto
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Artículo de publícación WoS Artículo de publicación SCOPUS
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Nutrients 2021, 13, 986
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