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Metodologías de enseñanza aprendizaje en aula que contribuyen al desarrollo de habilidades profesionales no técnicas, durante el primer ciclo formativo en estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad de Valparaíso
(Universidad de Chile, 2018)
de las asignaturas del primer ciclo formativo del plan curricular orientado por competencias, de la Escuela de Enfermería casa central de la UV. Los objetivos específicos planteados en este estudio son i) Validar el instrumento diseñado para la...
Within the framework of the process of curricular innovation in higher education in Chile, the University of Valparaíso (UV) supported the careers that were interested in participating in the various instances that would allow teachers to be guided in the structuring of a curricular plan that is oriented by competences. With this new view, a growing interest and training of the teaching staff in various teaching-learning methodologies were shown in the Nursing School of the University of Valparaíso, considering both national and international references in similar curricular processes, trying to adopt the new educational paradigm, which allows the achievement of necessary competences for professional practice, which allowed the establishment of a innovative curricular plan from 2014. The present study aims to analyze the perception of the students in teaching-learning methodologies for the development of non-technical professional skills in the classroom and the circumstances that intervene in the third version of the subjects of the first formative cycle of the curricular plan oriented by competences, of the Nursing School of the University of Valparaíso. The specific objectives raised in this study are: i)Validate the instrument designed for the recollection of data of the students’ perception concerning the teaching-learning methodologies that are most relevant to the development of non-technical skills in the classroom, ii) Identify the teaching-learning methodologies that were used in the third version of the various subjects of the first formative cycle of the curricular plan oriented to competences, iii) Establish the methodologies of teaching-learning that contribute the most in the classroom, according to the preference of the students to the development of the non-technical skills, in the subjects of the first formative cycle, iv) Analyze the existence of factors that take part in the development of teaching-learning methodologies in the classroom and how the students’ perception has been influenced by that, regarding the contribution for the development of non-technical skills in the first formative cycle subjects. The research has a quantitative approach of a descriptive scope, non-experimental, transversal, developed with fifth grade students of the career. Fourteen programes were reviewed in the subjects of the first and second year of the career, choosing the methodologies of major use so that they were incorporated afterwards in a valid instrument previously validated in context, reliability and construct. The analysis of the results was obtained from the software Microsoft Excel and the statistical package of IBM SPSS version 22. In the results obtained, the case study methodology reached the highest preference among the students, followed by seminar. Class highlighted the time of understanding, organizing and applying theoretical concepts, while workshop was displaced by other methodologies and flipped classroom maintained a low preference in its support for the development of non-technical skills. Regarding the development of methodologies used, the evaluation pointed out that there was disparity of opinion among the students concerning the time granted, as in the clarity of the purpose of the methodologies for the development of the non-technical skills, constituting itself as a part of the factors that may influence in its acquisition. On the other hand, there was a high agreement regarding the infrastructure to work in the classroom and the comprehension of contents through the methodologies used, as well as a positive evaluation for the teaching advice, incorporating observations regarding the difference of criteria in their role and feedback. It is expected to spread the results among the academics of the career to support the revision stage of the current innovated curricular plan and the decision making inside the subjects, to contribute in a better way to the development of the non-technical skills proclaimed in the graduate profile of the UV nursing career....
Within the framework of the process of curricular innovation in higher education in Chile, the University of Valparaíso (UV) supported the careers that were interested in participating in the various instances that would allow teachers to be guided in the structuring of a curricular plan that is oriented by competences. With this new view, a growing interest and training of the teaching staff in various teaching-learning methodologies were shown in the Nursing School of the University of Valparaíso, considering both national and international references in similar curricular processes, trying to adopt the new educational paradigm, which allows the achievement of necessary competences for professional practice, which allowed the establishment of a innovative curricular plan from 2014. The present study aims to analyze the perception of the students in teaching-learning methodologies for the development of non-technical professional skills in the classroom and the circumstances that intervene in the third version of the subjects of the first formative cycle of the curricular plan oriented by competences, of the Nursing School of the University of Valparaíso. The specific objectives raised in this study are: i)Validate the instrument designed for the recollection of data of the students’ perception concerning the teaching-learning methodologies that are most relevant to the development of non-technical skills in the classroom, ii) Identify the teaching-learning methodologies that were used in the third version of the various subjects of the first formative cycle of the curricular plan oriented to competences, iii) Establish the methodologies of teaching-learning that contribute the most in the classroom, according to the preference of the students to the development of the non-technical skills, in the subjects of the first formative cycle, iv) Analyze the existence of factors that take part in the development of teaching-learning methodologies in the classroom and how the students’ perception has been influenced by that, regarding the contribution for the development of non-technical skills in the first formative cycle subjects. The research has a quantitative approach of a descriptive scope, non-experimental, transversal, developed with fifth grade students of the career. Fourteen programes were reviewed in the subjects of the first and second year of the career, choosing the methodologies of major use so that they were incorporated afterwards in a valid instrument previously validated in context, reliability and construct. The analysis of the results was obtained from the software Microsoft Excel and the statistical package of IBM SPSS version 22. In the results obtained, the case study methodology reached the highest preference among the students, followed by seminar. Class highlighted the time of understanding, organizing and applying theoretical concepts, while workshop was displaced by other methodologies and flipped classroom maintained a low preference in its support for the development of non-technical skills. Regarding the development of methodologies used, the evaluation pointed out that there was disparity of opinion among the students concerning the time granted, as in the clarity of the purpose of the methodologies for the development of the non-technical skills, constituting itself as a part of the factors that may influence in its acquisition. On the other hand, there was a high agreement regarding the infrastructure to work in the classroom and the comprehension of contents through the methodologies used, as well as a positive evaluation for the teaching advice, incorporating observations regarding the difference of criteria in their role and feedback. It is expected to spread the results among the academics of the career to support the revision stage of the current innovated curricular plan and the decision making inside the subjects, to contribute in a better way to the development of the non-technical skills proclaimed in the graduate profile of the UV nursing career....
Uso de sulfato de magnesio relacionado con la reanimación neonatal en prematuros
(2021)
genera gran importancia para el trabajo del profesional de obstetricia y enfermería. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de reanimación neonatal en prematuros menores de 32 semanas según el uso de neuroprotección con MgSO4. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo...
Introduction: Diverse drug-related neuroprotections are used during the prenatal period to help reduce the risk of cerebral palsy or motor dysfunctions in the newborn. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is useful as a fetal neuroprotector in prematures with less than 32 weeks, as well as in the management of preeclampsia. Nevertheless, some dose-dependent adverse effects both on the mother and the newborn have been reported. This situation is necessarily of concern to the nursing and obstetrics professional. Objective: To determine the frequency of neonatal reanimation en prematures with less than 32 weeks with MgSO4 neuroprotection. Methods: This is a retrospective and observational study conducted in a hospital in Santiago, Chile. Simple random sampling was used. Prematures with less than 32 weeks of gestational age, with or without MgSO4 treatment and who had or had not required neonatal reanimation, were included in the study. Data were collected from clinical records. Absolute and relative frequencies and their direct comparisons were calculated. Results: From the total of newborns who received MgSO4, 61.7% required neonatal reanimation, while from those who did not receive MgSO4, 52.8% required neonatal reanimation. Conclusions: The higher frequency of neonatal reanimation is associated with the received MgSO4 as a neuroprotection with and occurs more likely in neonates with a gestational age less than 32 weeks. The results contribute to evidence-based decision making....
Introdução: A neuroproteção farmacológica é utilizada no período pré-natal para ajudar a reduzir o risco de paralisia cerebral ou disfunções motoras no recém-nascido (RN). O sulfato de magnésio (MgSO4) é muito útil devido aos benefícios que proporciona como tocolítico, neuroprotetor fetal em prematuros com menos de 32 semanas e no tratamento da pré-eclâmpsia. Porém, durante seu uso, foram registrados efeitos adversos em doses dependentes tanto para a mãe quanto para o recém-nascido, o que gera grande importância para o trabalho do profissional obstétrico e de enfermagem. Objetivo: Determinar a frequência de reanimação neonatal em prematuros com menos de 32 semanas de acordo com o uso de neuroproteção com MgSO4. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo e observacional realizado em um hospital de Santiago de Chile. Foi realizada uma amostragem aleatória simples. Foram incluídos bebês prematuros com menos de 32 semanas de idade gestacional com ou sem tratamento com MgSO4 que exigia ou não a reanimação neonatal. Coletou-se informação de prontuários clínicos com um instrumento proprietário. Análise dos dados através da determinação das frequências absolutas e relativas das variáveis e sua comparação direta. Resultados: Do total dos RN que receberam MgSO4, 61,7% necessitaram de reanimação neonatal ao nascimento, dos que não receberam esse neuroprotetor, 52,8% necessitaram de reanimação neonatal. Conclusões: A frequência de reanimação neonatal foi maior em recém-nascidos com menos de 32 semanas de idade gestacional que receberam neuroproteção com MgSO4, situação semelhante em cada estrato de idade gestacional....
Introduction: Diverse drug-related neuroprotections are used during the prenatal period to help reduce the risk of cerebral palsy or motor dysfunctions in the newborn. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is useful as a fetal neuroprotector in prematures with less than 32 weeks, as well as in the management of preeclampsia. Nevertheless, some dose-dependent adverse effects both on the mother and the newborn have been reported. This situation is necessarily of concern to the nursing and obstetrics professional. Objective: To determine the frequency of neonatal reanimation en prematures with less than 32 weeks with MgSO4 neuroprotection. Methods: This is a retrospective and observational study conducted in a hospital in Santiago, Chile. Simple random sampling was used. Prematures with less than 32 weeks of gestational age, with or without MgSO4 treatment and who had or had not required neonatal reanimation, were included in the study. Data were collected from clinical records. Absolute and relative frequencies and their direct comparisons were calculated. Results: From the total of newborns who received MgSO4, 61.7% required neonatal reanimation, while from those who did not receive MgSO4, 52.8% required neonatal reanimation. Conclusions: The higher frequency of neonatal reanimation is associated with the received MgSO4 as a neuroprotection with and occurs more likely in neonates with a gestational age less than 32 weeks. The results contribute to evidence-based decision making....
Introdução: A neuroproteção farmacológica é utilizada no período pré-natal para ajudar a reduzir o risco de paralisia cerebral ou disfunções motoras no recém-nascido (RN). O sulfato de magnésio (MgSO4) é muito útil devido aos benefícios que proporciona como tocolítico, neuroprotetor fetal em prematuros com menos de 32 semanas e no tratamento da pré-eclâmpsia. Porém, durante seu uso, foram registrados efeitos adversos em doses dependentes tanto para a mãe quanto para o recém-nascido, o que gera grande importância para o trabalho do profissional obstétrico e de enfermagem. Objetivo: Determinar a frequência de reanimação neonatal em prematuros com menos de 32 semanas de acordo com o uso de neuroproteção com MgSO4. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo e observacional realizado em um hospital de Santiago de Chile. Foi realizada uma amostragem aleatória simples. Foram incluídos bebês prematuros com menos de 32 semanas de idade gestacional com ou sem tratamento com MgSO4 que exigia ou não a reanimação neonatal. Coletou-se informação de prontuários clínicos com um instrumento proprietário. Análise dos dados através da determinação das frequências absolutas e relativas das variáveis e sua comparação direta. Resultados: Do total dos RN que receberam MgSO4, 61,7% necessitaram de reanimação neonatal ao nascimento, dos que não receberam esse neuroprotetor, 52,8% necessitaram de reanimação neonatal. Conclusões: A frequência de reanimação neonatal foi maior em recém-nascidos com menos de 32 semanas de idade gestacional que receberam neuroproteção com MgSO4, situação semelhante em cada estrato de idade gestacional....
Evaluación de factibilidad técnica, económica y estratégica para la creación de un Centro de Enfermería para el tratamiento de heridas complejas
(Universidad de Chile, 2019)
EVALUACIÓN DE FACTIBILIDAD TÉCNICA, ECONÓMICA Y ESTRATÉGICA PARA
LA CREACIÓN DE UN CENTRO DE ENFERMERÍA PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE
HERIDAS COMPLEJAS
TESIS PARA OPTAR AL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN...
CHILE 2019 UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FÍSICAS Y MATEMÁTICAS DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL i RESUMEN EVALUACIÓN DE FACTIBILIDAD TÉCNICA, ECONÓMICA Y ESTRATÉGICA PARA LA CREACIÓN DE UN CENTRO DE ENFERMERÍA PARA EL...
CHILE 2019 UNIVERSIDAD DE CHILE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS FÍSICAS Y MATEMÁTICAS DEPARTAMENTO DE INGENIERÍA INDUSTRIAL i RESUMEN EVALUACIÓN DE FACTIBILIDAD TÉCNICA, ECONÓMICA Y ESTRATÉGICA PARA LA CREACIÓN DE UN CENTRO DE ENFERMERÍA PARA EL...
El cuidado del Psicoterapeuta a la luz del cuidado nuclear
(Universidad de Chile, 2015)
investigación se ha intentado dar respuesta a las anteriores
interrogantes a partir de una revisión de 21 teorías del cuidado provenientes de la
enfermería, antropología y filosofía. A partir de tal revisión es posible hablar de un cuidado
nuclear que es...
, ser un eje fundamental de la experiencia humana. No es posible hablar de una psicología del cuidado, salvo como una forma de referirse a las variables psicosociales implicadas en algunas líneas de la enfermería (Lluch, 2004). Si bien es posible...
, ser un eje fundamental de la experiencia humana. No es posible hablar de una psicología del cuidado, salvo como una forma de referirse a las variables psicosociales implicadas en algunas líneas de la enfermería (Lluch, 2004). Si bien es posible...
Diseño de un sistema de control de gestión para el departamento de salud de la Universidad de Los Lagos
(Universidad de Chile, 2021-01)
tercera etapa de alineamiento organizacional, se desdobla el cuadro de mando integral y se establece un tablero de control para la carrera de enfermería Osorno. Además, se proponen acuerdos de niveles de servicios entre la carrera de enfermería Osorno y la...
Intervenciones para prevenir errores de medicación en departamento de emergencias en hospital universitario
(Universidad de Chile, 2014)
, identificar
los medicamentos de alto riesgo, evitar abreviaturas en la prescripción, entre
otras13-23.
9
Por ejemplo, un estudio desarrollado en una UCI neonatal, en la que se
implementó una intervención educacional para personal de enfermería logró...
objetivos detallados en Tabla 1. La selección final de estrategias e intervenciones se realizó por equipo multidisciplinario de profesionales de la salud que se desempeñan en SU del Hospital, incluyendo médicos y la jefatura de enfermería. 13...
objetivos detallados en Tabla 1. La selección final de estrategias e intervenciones se realizó por equipo multidisciplinario de profesionales de la salud que se desempeñan en SU del Hospital, incluyendo médicos y la jefatura de enfermería. 13...
Implementación de protocolo para el manejo del dolor oncológico agudo en las primeras 48 horas en la Unidad de Medicina Interna
(Universidad de Chile, 2023)
).
Metodología: Consistió en un estudio cuasi-experimental el cual llevó a cabo la educación e implementación del protocolo “Manejo del dolor agudo en pacientes oncológicos, Medicina Interna” al personal de enfermería del SMI. Durante 3 meses se recolectaron...
Introduction: Pain is a highly prevalent symptom in oncology patients and represents one of the primary challenges for healthcare professionals. The management of oncologic pain requires a multidisciplinary team; however, despite the available resources for its treatment, it often remains undertreated. Among the reasons explaining this situation, the subjective nature of the symptom, the lack of healthcare professionals' training, concerns regarding opioid dependency, and administrative control stand out. Incorrect assessment leads to suboptimal treatment, thus properly identifying and characterizing pain is crucial. Some patients experience transient and intense exacerbations of pain, known as Breakthrough Cancer Pain (BCP). Its etiology is similar to chronic pain and one reason why it occurs is due to poor pain management. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to educate and implement a protocol for the management of acute pain in oncology patients. Objective: To implement and evaluate a protocol for managing acute pain in oncology patients during the first 48 hours of admission to the Internal Medicine Department (IMD) at the Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile (HCUCH). Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted, involving the education and implementation of the protocol for nursing staff at the IMD.During 3 months, data were collected from the electronic record of oncologic patients under the care of the SMI, divided into those hospitalized in the service and ectopic patients.In parallel, a comparison was made with a group of oncology patients previously hospitalized in the IMD, using information filtered from a previous undergraduate thesis. Results: Initially, two infographics were designed: "Management of Acute Pain in Oncology Patients, Internal Medicine" and "Narcotics Prescription," for the intervention to take place at the nursing station of the mentioned department.Then, when comparing the characterization of the three groups, a high number of patients with incomplete characterization was observed; however, all ectopic patients had recorded pain intensity. For the management of chronic pain, paracetamol and NSAIDs were mainly used. It should be noted that the PRN drugs indicated for the management of acute pain were varied, highlighting morphine, fentanyl and paracetamol, where the latter was indicated orally in some cases. In addition, one patient presented an episode of acute pain in which PRN medication was indicated by verbal indication of the physician. Conclusion: Education and implementation of the protocol "Acute Pain Management in Oncology Patients, Internal Medicine" was carried out for the nursing staff, emphasizing the importance of pain monitoring and assessment. Although we were able to compare the characteristics and management of acute pain, the intervention did not reveal improvements but provided information for future intervention strategies. Oncology patients hospitalized in the SMI post-implementation showed that they had more interruptions in the steps of the protocol, which translates into a lack of reduction of administration times of a PRN drug....
Introduction: Pain is a highly prevalent symptom in oncology patients and represents one of the primary challenges for healthcare professionals. The management of oncologic pain requires a multidisciplinary team; however, despite the available resources for its treatment, it often remains undertreated. Among the reasons explaining this situation, the subjective nature of the symptom, the lack of healthcare professionals' training, concerns regarding opioid dependency, and administrative control stand out. Incorrect assessment leads to suboptimal treatment, thus properly identifying and characterizing pain is crucial. Some patients experience transient and intense exacerbations of pain, known as Breakthrough Cancer Pain (BCP). Its etiology is similar to chronic pain and one reason why it occurs is due to poor pain management. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to educate and implement a protocol for the management of acute pain in oncology patients. Objective: To implement and evaluate a protocol for managing acute pain in oncology patients during the first 48 hours of admission to the Internal Medicine Department (IMD) at the Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile (HCUCH). Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was conducted, involving the education and implementation of the protocol for nursing staff at the IMD.During 3 months, data were collected from the electronic record of oncologic patients under the care of the SMI, divided into those hospitalized in the service and ectopic patients.In parallel, a comparison was made with a group of oncology patients previously hospitalized in the IMD, using information filtered from a previous undergraduate thesis. Results: Initially, two infographics were designed: "Management of Acute Pain in Oncology Patients, Internal Medicine" and "Narcotics Prescription," for the intervention to take place at the nursing station of the mentioned department.Then, when comparing the characterization of the three groups, a high number of patients with incomplete characterization was observed; however, all ectopic patients had recorded pain intensity. For the management of chronic pain, paracetamol and NSAIDs were mainly used. It should be noted that the PRN drugs indicated for the management of acute pain were varied, highlighting morphine, fentanyl and paracetamol, where the latter was indicated orally in some cases. In addition, one patient presented an episode of acute pain in which PRN medication was indicated by verbal indication of the physician. Conclusion: Education and implementation of the protocol "Acute Pain Management in Oncology Patients, Internal Medicine" was carried out for the nursing staff, emphasizing the importance of pain monitoring and assessment. Although we were able to compare the characteristics and management of acute pain, the intervention did not reveal improvements but provided information for future intervention strategies. Oncology patients hospitalized in the SMI post-implementation showed that they had more interruptions in the steps of the protocol, which translates into a lack of reduction of administration times of a PRN drug....
Trabajadores y trabajadoras de la salud y pandemia por COVID-19 en Chile: informe de una investigación acción participativa
(Universidad de Chile. Escuela de Salud Pública, 2021)
cuidado de la salud ocupacional percibida por los representantes síndico-gremiales de este sector, es que la Secretaría de Salud de la Central Unitaria de Trabajadores (CUT), el Departamento de Enfermería de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de...
Analysis of the main components of the job satisfaction scale (S20-23) measured in a sample of nursing staff in primary care centers in the provinces of Ñuble and Valparaiso, Chile Análisis de los componentes principales de la escala Satisfacción laboral
(Universidad de Murcia Servicio de Publicaciones, 2016)
“Incorporación de metodología no presencial, con uso de TICs en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el ámbito laboral de enfermeras y matronas que se desempeñan en sistema rotativo de turnos”
(Universidad de Chile, 2006)
La capacitación y educación continua de los profesionales de la salud es parte importante del programa de trabajo de enfermería, en el que anualmente se planifican actividades orientadas a actualizar conocimientos generales y específicos de dichos...